Development and application of ion-selective electrodes

在化学和医学分析中使用离子选择电极仍然是一个重点领域。我们有兴趣将这些电极应用于治疗药物监测，这是药物治疗的基础，因为它可以用来调整具有相似治疗和毒性浓度范围的药物剂量。在这里，我们引入了新的离子选择电极来监测抗癫痫的溴化药物、抗心律失常的普鲁卡因胺和溴胺以及抗炎的水杨酸盐的血液水平。结果与比色法、荧光偏振免疫法或气相色谱分析结果吻合良好。对于治疗药物监测，确定药物的游离浓度在生理上比确定药物的总浓度（即游离药物浓度和与蛋白质结合的药物浓度的总和）更相关。因此，这种方法是非常有用的，因为电极只对自由浓度有反应。我们比较了水杨酸电极测定的血清样品中水杨酸的游离浓度与比色法测定的浓度。在0.1 ~ 2.5 mm的浓度范围内，相关性良好。比色法需要脱蛋白才能估计血清样品中游离水杨酸浓度，而电极法则不需要。因此，本方法更简单、快速和经济，因此可用于临床环境中的治疗药物监测。我们在这里只描述治疗药物监测的结果。通过本研究获得的其他结果也已发表（见参考文献）。

The use of ion-selective electrodes for chemical and medical analyzes continues to be an area of focus. We are interested in applying these electrodes to therapeutic drug monitoring, which is fundamental to pharmacotherapy, as it can be used to adjust the doses of drugs with similar therapeutic and toxic concentration ranges. Here, we introduced new ion-selective electrodes to monitor blood levels of the antiepileptic bromide, the antiarrhythmic procainamide and bretylium, and the anti-inflammatory salicylate. The results correlated well with those obtained by colorimetry, fluorescence polarization immunoassay or gas chromatographic analysis.For therapeutic drug monitoring, determining the free concentration of a drug is claimed to be physiologically more relevant than that of total concentration of drug (i.e., the sum of the concentration of the free drug and that bound to protein) . Thus, this method is very useful since the electrode is responsive only to free concentration. We compared the free concentrations of salicylate in serum samples determined by a salicylate electrode with those determined by colorimetry. The correlation was good in the salicylate concentration range of 0.1-2.5 mM.The colorimetric method requires deproteinization to estimate the free salicylate concentrations in serum sample, whereas the method using the electrode does not. Thus, the present method is more simple, rapid and economical and, thus, useful for therapeutic drug monitoring in a clinical setting.We described here only the results of therapeutic drug monitoring. Other results obtained through the present study have also been published (see references) .