Study on related factors of maintaining productive activities in elderly people based on panel study

1.创建第四波面板数据：我们对退出的面板研究的参与者进行了为期两年的跟踪调查。这项小组研究的基线调查是对具有全国代表性的日本样本(4000名男性和2000名女性)进行的，年龄在55岁到64.2岁之间。主要发现(1)有偿工作和志愿者工作对日本男性的身心健康有好处。虽然失去有偿工作角色的男性报告了更多的抑郁症状，但志愿者工作减轻了没有有偿工作角色的负面影响。然而，对于女性来说，研究中没有发现生产性角色与身心健康有显著的联系。(2)强制退休后参加劳动力的概率因强制退休前的职业状况而不同。(3)在强制退休后找到新工作的老年人的工作满意度水平与退休前的工作满意度水平几乎相同。(4)获得照顾角色与女性抑郁症状的增加和健康评分的下降显著相关，但与男性的身心健康水平无关。劳动力参与、非正式社会接触和正式社会参与与男性和女性获得照顾角色无关。(5)年龄歧视和工作环境与继续从事有偿工作有关。就志愿工作而言，较高的教育程度与男子参与志愿工作有关，但与妇女无关。婚姻状况与妇女参与志愿工作有关。

1. Creating the forth-wave panel data:We conducted two-year follow-up survey with participants in the exiting panel study. The baseline survey of this panel study was conducted to a nationally representative Japanese sample (4,000 males and 2,000 females) aged 55 to 64.2. Major findings(1) Paid work and volunteer work had beneficial effects on the physical and psychological well-being of Japanese men. Although men who lost their paid work role reported more depressive symptoms, volunteer work attenuated the negative effect of no paid work role. For women however, no productive role examined in this study was found to be significantly linked with physical and psychological well-being.(2) Probability of labor force participation after mandatory retirement differed by occupational status before mandatory retirement.(3) Level of Job satisfaction among older adults who got new job after mandatory retirement was almost same as level of their job satisfaction before retirement.(4) Acquisition of caregiving role was significantly related to an increase in depressive symptoms and a decrease in health rated health among women, but it was not related to the physical and psychological well-being of men. Labor force participation, informal social contact, and formal social participation were not related to acquisition of caregiving role among both men and women.(5) Ageism and environments at the workplace were associated with the continuation of paid work. For volunteer work, higher educational attainment was related to engagement in volunteer work among men, but not for women. Marital status was related to women's participation in volunteer work.