Institutions and Agriculture in Transition Economics

本研究考察了决定农业产销绩效的因素。政策影响是根据对中亚、东欧和中欧的数据进行统计分析的结果得出的。以下是我们通过这个研究项目所取得的成果。首先，我们的团队调查了关于转型经济中农业发展主题的现有文献。农业市场自由化程度和生产、营销和加工组织私有化程度的差异产生了农业绩效的广泛多样性，这一事实通过我们的审查得到了证实。第二，从中亚、东欧和中欧获得了一组横断面数据。为了进行统计分析，创建了一个数据库。第三，利用回归分析确定了私营农场绩效差异的决定因素。我们发现，投入和产出市场的扭曲导致了转型经济中农业生产者的非营利性最大化行为。我们还认为，在实施中亚经济体的进一步改革措施方面，政府的作用仍然很大。第四，从这些分析中得出政策含义。强调了降低市场扭曲的政策需要。第五，在1999年日本农业经济学会会议、第12届国际农场管理协会大会、第7届欧洲农业经济学家协会会议和2010年国际农业经济学家协会大会上发表研究论文。

In this study, factors determining the performance of agricultural productionand marketing have been examined. Policy implications were derived based upon the findings from statistical analyses of the data from Central Asia and Eastern and Central Europe. The followings are what we have achieved through this research project.First, our team surveyed the existing literature on the topics of agricultural development in transition economies. The fact that the difference in the extent of the liberalization of agricultural markets and privatization of production, marketing and processing organizations has produced a wide range of the diversity in the performance of agriculture was confirmed through our reviewSecond, a set of cross-sectional data was obtained from Central Asia, and Eastern and Central Europe. A database was created in order to perform statistical analyses.Third, determinants of the difference in the performance of private farms were identified using regression analyses. We found that distortions in input and output markets have been causing non-profit maximizing behavior of agricultural producers in transition economies. The government roles are still large to carry out further reform measures for Central Asian economies we also argued.Fourth, policy implications were derived from theseanalyses. The policy need for lowering market distortions was emphasized.Fifth, research papers were written and presented at the 1999 Agricultural Economics Association of Japan's meetings, the 12th Congress of the International Farm Management Association, the 7th European Association of Agricultural Economists conference and the 23^<rd> International Association of Agricultural Economists' congress.