Joint Study on the protein-kinase-type photoreceptors

1.用一种新的方法筛选叶绿体光定向运动缺失的拟南芥突变体。对突变体致病基因的分析表明，NPL1是拟南芥趋光性蓝光受体NPH1的同源基因，是强蓝光诱导叶绿体回避反应的光受体。Npl1和nph1双突变体缺乏叶绿体光定向运动和向光性，这意味着Npl1和NPH1都是这两种现象的感光体。NPH1是叶绿体积累运动的光感受器，在整个受试范围内的通透率。另一方面，NPL1在弱蓝光下是积累的受体，在强蓝光下是回避的受体。Adiantum PHY3结合了两个LOV结构域上的FMN，这表明PHY3可能是蓝光和红光/远红光的光受体。PHY3在高等蕨类植物中广泛存在，而在低等蕨类植物中不存在。通过突变分析和基因沉默的方法，发现PHy3是红光诱导的Adiantum叶绿体运动和向光性的光感受器。对Adiantum NPL1进行了测序，发现NPL1是拟南芥中蓝光诱导的叶绿体回避反应的光感受器。

1. Arabidopsis mutants which were deficient of chloroplast photoorientation movement were selected by a new method developed.2. Analytical studies on the causal gene of the mutants revealed that NPL1, a homologue of NPH1 which is a blue light receptor of phototropism in Arabidopsis, is a photo-receptor of chloroplast avoidance response induced by strong blue light.3. npl1 and nph1 double mutants lack chloroplast photoorietation movement as well as phototropism, meaning that both NPL1 and NPH1 are the photoreceptor of the two phenomona.4. NPH1 is a photoreceptor for chloroplast accumulation movement in the whole range of fluence rate tested. On the other hand, NPL1 is a receptor for accumulation under weak blue light but a receptor for avoidance under strong blue light.5. Adiantum PHY3 binds FMNs at the two LOV domains, suggesting that PHY3 is a possible photoreceptor for blue light as well as red/far-red light.6. PHY3 was found widely in advanced Pteridophytes but not in the lower ferns.7. By mutant anlyses and also by gene silencing method, it was found that PHy3 was a photoreceptor for red light-inducedchloroplast movement and phototropism in Adiantum.8. Adiantum NPL1 was sequenced and found that NPL1 was a photoreceptor of blue light-induced chloroplast avoidance response in Adiantum like in Arabidopsis.