Molecular Epidemiology of Thyroid Diseases around Semiparatinsk, Kazakhstan and Altai region, Russia

○！1]我们利用塞米巴拉金斯克的样本进行的第一次甲状腺癌发生的分子生物学研究表明，有必要研究澄清人类甲状腺癌中与辐射有关的特征基因（《柳叶刀》354：1528，1999年）。报告了我们关于尿碘测量的初步数据（《内分泌杂志》50：85，2003年），表明塞米巴拉金斯克周围适当补充了碘。○！2]我们关于切尔诺贝利甲状腺组织库的联合项目一直在顺利进行（Science 289：2283，2000）。根据这一思路，目前正在与国内外合作洽谈建立组织库或血库。○！3]对放射性污染地区周围居民的心理社会问题进行了分析（Lancet 356：257，2000）。另外，已证明幼儿与成人相比对辐射的敏感性，儿童甲状腺癌的急剧增加很可能是切尔诺贝利的短寿命放射性核素（辐射沉降物）（Lancet 358：1965，2001）。○！4]在前苏联，对矮小身材的遗传分析表明了Prop 1基因的特定突变模式，并给出了垂体激素缺乏综合征的表型学线索（Am J Roentogenol 174：555，2000）。○！5]已经使用培养的人甲状腺细胞阐明了低剂量辐射诱导基因，其中包括血清诱导激酶（BBRC 289：491，2001）。我们还阐明了人甲状腺细胞中细胞内信号转导的特征（Oncogene 20：989，2001，J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87：3433，2002，Thyroid 12：95，2002，Thyroid 12：435，2002）。此外，线粒体DNA的大缺失被证明是辐射相关的甲状腺癌发生的一种标志物（Cancer Res 62：7031-7041，2002）。

【○!1】 Our first molecular biology study on thyroid carcinogenesis using the samples from Semipalatinsk indicated the necessity of research on clarification of radiation-associated signature genes in human thyroid cancers (Lancet 354 : 1528, 1999). Our preliminary data on urinary iodine measurement has been reported (Endocrine J 50 : 85, 2003), indicating the proper supplementation of iodine around Semipalatinsk.【○!2】 Our joint project on Chernobyl Thyroid Tissue Bank has been smoothly running (Science 289 : 2283, 2000). According to this idea, the establishment of Tissue Bank or Blood Bank has been now tried under the negotiation with domestic and international cooperation.【○!3】 The psychosocial problems in the local residents around radio-contaminated areas have been analyzed (Lancet 356 : 257, 2000). Separately the radiosensitivity of younger children compared to adults has been proved and the dramatic increase of childhood thyroid cancer is mostly likely to the short-lived radianucletids (radiation fallout) from Chernobyl (Lancet 358 : 1965, 2001).【○!4】 Genetic analysis of short statures in the former USSR has indicated the specific Prop 1 gene mutation pattern and given a clue of the epitology of combined pituitary hormone deficiency syndrome (Am J Roentogenol 174 : 555, 2000).【○!5】 Low-dose radiation inducible genes have been clarified using cultured human thyroid cells, among of which is serum-inducible kinase (BBRC 289 : 491, 2001). We have also clarified the characteristics of intracellular signal transduction in human thyroid cells (Oncogene 20 : 989, 2001, J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87 : 3433, 2002, Thyroid 12 : 95, 2002, Thyroid 12 : 435, 2002). Furthermore the large deletion of mitochondrial DNA is proved to be a kind of marker of radiation-associated thyroid carcinogenesis (Cancer Res 62 : 7031-7041, 2002)