Historical Study on Engineering Research and Related Institutions in Japan

本文通过对日本工程相关机构从明治时代到二战后的发展历程的分析，指出了日本工程及相关机构的基本特征，是与此相关的主要问题之一。当然，我们可以在各个领域找出自己的特点，比如，哪些工程领域比其他领域更早提出了自己的研究专门学会等等。但作为一个整体，它是要讨论遵循整体特征的。首先，我们可以将年龄区分为两个时期(1)明治开始到二战开始的时间，和(2)二战后的时代。两个时代的工程学发展特点各不相同，但必须问的是，为什么从第一所工科学校成立到1990年，日本一直以独立开展工程学研究为宏伟目标。…进一步探讨了S研究的特点、第一高等工科学校、科布第一工学院和帝国理工学院的特点。指出日本工程学院经历了两种不同的形式或机构，一种是Imperia学院，另一种是非Imperia学院，后者的发展与德国的Hochschu理工学院一样，理论工程教育主要由前者来进行。但是，直到现在，日本的研究和技术都需要更多的自主。另一方面，非帝国理工学院的工科学校并不具有德国工学院的特点。通过研究得出这两个问题的答案是：英佩里亚学院的“理论”教育或研究的特点不是与“实践”相比的特点，而是用于使工业产品标准化的特点。因此，在英佩里亚学院的研究和研究一直与该机构及其研究人员一起处于较高的地位，但在工程前沿的进一步发展却用处不大。较少

In this study, the development of Japane Engineering relate Institution from the age ofMeiji Period until after World Warll analysed, One of the main problems relating to this annalys was point out the fundamental characteristics of the Japanese Engineering and relating Institutions. Of course, we can find out its own characteristics in each fields, for example, which engineering fields had earlier than other filed its own reseach special society or so. But as a whole, it is to discuss following the whole characteristic. And firstly we cann distinguish the age into two periods(1)the time from the beginning of the Meiji period to the beginning of the WWll, and (2)the age of after WWll. The characteristics of the development of Engineering in the two ages differs to each other, but it must be asked why so long time, from the time of establishing of the first engineering school, still until 1990, has it been, in Japan, the great target to let stand the engineering rearch on its own.In thi … More s study discussed, the characteristic of the first high engineering school, Kobu-Daigakkou, and Imperial engineering college. It is pointed put the Japanese Engineering college has been two different forms or institutions, one is of Imperia college and the other non Imperia college, The latter has been developed the same way as like the German Technische Hochschue.And the theoretic engineering education had been carried on mainly by the former one. But, the research and technology in Japan had been required more independent until and still now. On the other hand the engineering school of nonimperial college had not the same characteristic as the Germany TH. The answer for these two questions got through the study is that the characteristic of“"theoretical“education or research at the Imperia College was not the one compared to “practice",but the one used to make normalization of industrial products. Therefore the research and study at the Imperia College had been in high position together with the institution and its researcher, but little use for further development in engineering frontier. Less