A new exercise training program for the elderly by developing a novel handy calorie meter and an IT network system after the determination of human genome sequences.

本项目的目的是通过开发一种新型的手持式热量计和IT网络，开发一种可适用于数千名老年人的运动训练计划，并建立动物模型，从遗传背景出发研究个体对该计划的不同反应。项目总结如下：1)卡路里测量仪的研制：我们成功地研制出一种新型的轻便卡路里测量仪，用于精确测量运动过程中高于步行强度的能量消耗。此外，我们还可以通过测量最大速度行走时的前后、左右和上下3个维度的加速度来估计大腿的肌力。2)通过IT网络开发适合个人的运动训练方案：我们在200名老年运动员中证实，训练方案后估计的最大有氧功率(VO_&lt；2，max&gt；)提高了10-20%；以60%-70%的VO_lt；2，max…；More&gt；，每天30分钟，每周3天，为期6个月。训练期间的个人能量消耗由卡路里测量仪记录。每隔一段时间通过终端计算机将数据传输到上位机，反之，将训练对血液化学、血压和体能的影响以反馈的方式发送给个体的终端机。通过这个系统，即使没有令人满意的体育锻炼或培训设施，数千名老年人也能够参加该计划。3)建立动物模型来发现对体育锻炼有良好反应的基因：我们开发了动物模型来发现对体育锻炼有良好反应的基因。例如，我们研究了钙蛋白在动脉血压调节中的作用。已知Calponin是与α-肾上腺素能血管收缩相关的血管平滑肌的中介物。我们发现，在Calponin基因缺陷的Calponin基因敲除小鼠中，动脉压调节受到损害，而且。它们不能像对照组小鼠那样以高强度跑步。此外，我们还发现，在双基因敲除小鼠中，由于α-肾上腺素能受体不表达，导致动脉压调节受损，这是产生昼夜节律的关键基因。在血管的平滑肌肉中。这些都是填补分子生物学和系统生理学之间空白的有希望的发现。通过引入上述系统，我们将能够将这些扩展到人体研究。较少

The purpose of the present project was to develop a exercise training program which can be applied to over several thousands elderly people by developing a novel handy calorie meter and an IT network, and moreover, to establish animal models to investigate individually different responses to the program from genetic background. Summary of the project is as follows,1)The development of a calorie meter :We successfully developed a novel handy calorie meter to measure energy expenditure precisely during exercise above the intensity of walking. Moreover, we are able to estimate muscle strength of the thigh by measuring acceleration in the 3 dimensions : fore back, right-left, and up-down, during walking at the maxial speed.2)The development of exercise training program suitable for individuals by IT network :We confirmed in 200 elderly voluanteers that estimated maximal aerobic power (VO_<2,max>) increased by 10-20% after the training regimen ; walking at the high speed of 60-70% VO_<2,max … More >, 3Omin/ day, 3 day/week, for 6 months. The individual enegy expenditure during the training period was recorded by the calorie meter. The data were transferred to a host computer through terminal computers at a given interval, and inversely, the effects by the training on blood chemicals, blood pressure, and physical fitness were sent to the teriminal computer for the individuals in a feed back manner. By this system, several thousands of elderly people will be able to participate the program even though there are riot satisfactory number of facilities for physical training or trainers.3)The development of animal models to discover the genes well responding to physical training :We developed animal models to discover the gene well responding to physical training. For example, we investigated the role of calponin in arterial pressure regulation. Calponin is known to be a mediator in the vascular smooth muscle associating with α-adrenergic vasoconstriction. We found that arterial pressure regulation was impaired in the calponin knockout mice, genetically deficient of calponin, and that. they were not able to run at the high intensity as control mice. Moreover, we found that arterial pressure regulation was impaired in CRY, a key gene to generate circadian rhythm of activity, double knockout mice since α-adrenergic receptors were not expressed. in the vascular smooth muscles. These are promising findings to fill the gap between molecular bilogy and system physiology. We will be able to extend these to human studies by introducing the system stated above. Less