Central command-induced changes in regional cerebral blood flow during voluntary exercise and sleep in rats.

来自高级大脑的中枢指令信号被认为与来自工作骨骼肌的传入信号汇合，导致整体心血管反应，与体力活动或感知到的努力强度成比例。已有研究指出，中枢指令和肌肉传入可以独立地作用于心血管反应。然而，中枢指挥在运动中的作用尚未完全清楚，有必要尝试直接测量高级脑神经活动，以阐明中枢指挥在动物中的作用。在本研究中，我们试图测量中枢指令在梳理、运动、非快速眼动睡眠和快速眼动睡眠过程中对海马CA1区局部脑血流量的影响。由于在REM睡眠中存在记忆巩固，因此在REM睡眠中观察到的CBFhippo的增加可能代表了大鼠觉醒时中枢指令的时程变化。我们还尝试用微丝阵列直接测量自由活动大鼠的海马CA1神经元活动。我们已经成功地在安静清醒时测量了CA1神经元的活动，但由于受到外部噪声的污染，在运动和梳理时没有测量到。需要对微丝阵列的细节方法和实验程序进行改进。

CENTRAL COMMAND signals from the higher brain have been thought to converge with afferent signals arising from the working skeletal muscle to cause an overall cardiovascular response in proportion to the intensity of physical activity or perceived effort. It has been pointed out that central command and muscle afferent input, can act independently to elicit cardiovascular responses. However, role of central command during exercise has not been completely understood yet.It would be worth to try to measure the higher brain nerve activity directly to elucidate the role of central command in animal. In the present study, we tried to measure the central command-induced changes in regional cerebral blood flow in the hippocampal CA1 area (CBFhippo), during grooming, moving, non-rapid eye movement sleep and rapid eye movement sleep.We demonstrated clearly that rCBF of the hippocampus CA1 region increased significantly during REM sleep and moving. Since it has been suggested that memory consolidation occur during REM sleep, the increase in CBFhippo observed during REM sleep may possibly represent the time course of the central command that occurred when rats were awake.We also try to directly measure hippocampal CA1 neuron activity in freely moving rats using micro-wire array in rats. We have succeeded in measuring CA1 neuron activity during quiet awake but not during moving and grooming because of contamination of external noise. It would be necessary to improve the detail method of micro-wire array and experimental procedures.