Disaster information leading to appropriate judgments of inhabitants and social mechanism to support a selection of behavior

一个人在发生事故时必须独自躲避危险。选择一个适当的行为需要两个条件：一个是每个居民可以得到必要的选择信息，另一个是他有选择的知识或存在系统来支持行为的决策。1.对于自然灾害：我们提出了两个灾害信息系统，以支持居民的选择。一个是由许多处理灾害信息的专家组成的信息系统。专家们收集有关周围风暴和洪水破坏的当地信息，并将其发送给市政府办公室的管理部门，并获得避难所的可变信息，并将其分发给灾民。另一种是呈现周边避难情况，使居民意识到避难必要性的系统。通过模拟实验，对这两种系统的效果进行了评价。2.对于人工事故：在原子能电站事故中，事故的公开 ...更多信息 居民快速避难离不开信息。虽然已经开始建立场外中心和事故应急手册，但对事故信息的说明存在疑问。我们指出，第三方的作用不够。近来，生命产品的召回数量增加，使得快速收集成为重要问题。从2007年5月起，将报告和公布所有致命产品事故。我们指出，需要用户的积极参与，并提出了一个社会机制，包括用户的作用。3.对于医疗事故：选择医院是一种应急行为。由于第三方机构没有提供足够的信息来支持选择，我们提出了一种新的排名方法，在比较评估的基础上，通过医院之间的比较。我们注意到冲突管理，以避免错误理解带来的麻烦。少

An individual has to evade danger at accidents by himself. Two conditions are required to choose an appropriate behavior ; one is that every inhabitant can get information necessary to choose, the other is that he has knowledge for choice or that there exist systems to support a decision of behavior.1.For natural disasters : we proposed two disaster information systems to support choice by inhabitants. One is an information system that consists of many specialists treating with disaster information. The specialists collect local information about surrounding storm and flood damage and send it to administration in a city office, and get variable information for refuge and distribute them to vicinage. The other is a system that presents the surrounding refuge situation to make inhabitants realize necessity of their refuge. We evaluated the effects of these two systems by simulation experiments.2.For artifact accidents : at atomic energy plant accidents, opening to the public of accident … More information is indispensable for inhabitants' quick refuge. Though off-site centers and emergency manuals for accidents have begun to be constructed, there is doubt on information elucidation at accidents. We pointed out that the role of the third party is insufficient. Recently, the number of recall of a life product has increased, so that quick collecting becomes an important problem. All fatal product accidents will be reported and published from May in 2007. We indicated that positive participation of users was needed, and proposed a social mechanism including a role of users. We also proposed a new collection method using information technology.3.For medical accidents : choice of hospital is an emergency behavior. As the third party institute didn't offer sufficient information to support the choice, we proposed a new rank way on the basis of comparative assessment by comparing between the hospitals. We remarked the conflict management to avoid trouble from incorrect understanding. Less