Deviant Behavior among Junior Highschool Students and Privatized Society

本研究试图阐明“民营化”价值取向对初中生越轨行为增加的影响。本研究选取了三个样本组：成年人口组、初中生组和学校教师组。在三组中，教师组在与日常生活的私人领域的相关性方面变化最快。本研究以越轨行为为因变量，由近年来日本在校学生中最严重的三种行为组成：(1)学校拒绝行为(称为学校恐惧症或逃学)，(2)违纪行为(3)欺凌行为。本研究通过在全国范围内随机抽样，在12个大城市抽取了约6000名初中生。我们的调查观察到，在初中人口中，拒绝上学的比例比官方统计数据受长期旷课限制的比例更高。…这一行为的发生率在我们的研究中为25.1%，而官方统计数据中有大量的黑色数字，其发生率为0.61%。我们的研究结果显示了学校拒绝现象的总体规模，并阐明了私有化对这一行为的影响：学生与学校社会的社会纽带越弱，就越有可能仅仅因为琐碎的原因而拒绝学校。在欺凌研究中，我们的研究结果揭示了“路人”角色在欺凌情境中的重要作用，以至“替罪羊”的出现。基于“民营化”的“路人”态度是通过他们的家庭和老师来社会化的。在违法犯罪研究中，我们的研究结果也支持“私有化”与违法行为之间的关系。另一个发现是与“私有化”衍生的每一种越轨行为之间的相互关系。这一发现表明，需要进一步考虑和应对最近在学生中普遍存在的拒绝上学行为的政策，考虑到这些妥协的关系和“私有化”的共同背景。

This research project attempts to clarify the effects of chawing value orientation toward "privatization" on increasing deviant behavior among junior high school students. Three sample groups are selected ;adult population group, junior high school student group,and school teacher group. The teacher group reveals most rapid change in their relevance to private fields of daily life among three groups. Deviant behaviors as dependent variables of this research are composed of three behaviors considered as most serious problems among Japanese school students in recent years: (1) school refusal behavior( called as schoolphobia or truancy ), (2) delinquent behaviors (3) bullying behavior. This research survey found about 6,000 students of junior high school in 12 large urban areas who were selected through the nationwide randomized sampling. Our survey observed such hislier prepotion of school refusal in the junior high population than the official statistics limited by long period of absenc … More e. The rates of occurrence of this behavior is 25.1% in our study countered to 0.61% of the official statistics which have large amount of dark figures. Our findings show the total size of school refusal phenomenon and clarify the effects of "privatization" on this behavior: the more weakened social bonds of students to their school society which is an major aspect of "privatization", the more likely to be school refusal only by trivial reasons. In bullying research, our findings reveal the significant functions of the roles of "by-passer" in the bullying situations to the degree of the emergence of the "whipping boy". The attitudes of "by-passer" based on the "privatization" are socialized through their family and teachers. In the delinquency research,our findings also support the relation of "privatization" to delinquent behaviors. Additional finding is the mutual relationships with each deviant behavior derived from "privatization". This finding suggests that further considerations of and coping policies with school refusal behavior recently pervading among students is required to be taken account of these compromised relations and "the common background of "privatization". Less