Effects of sport activity on risk factor of arteriosclerosis in adolescents.

1. 对333名初中生（男生176名，女生157名）进行体育锻炼对动脉粥样硬化危险因素的影响调查。评估体脂比（%fat）、收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、总胆固醇（T-C）水平和动脉粥样硬化指数（AI），每年1次，连续3年。根据学生在某体育俱乐部参加体育练习的比例（分别为50%<、50%<大于或等于bb0），将问卷中的学生分为不活跃组（男生24人、女生32人）和活跃组（男生115人、女生109人）。结果表明：(1)运动组与不运动组在第一年的危险因素均无显著差异。(2)第2年，运动组DBP、T-C、AI均显著低于不运动组，运动组DBP、T-C、AI均低于不运动组，但差异无统计学意义（p < 0.05）。活跃的女生组DBP明显低于不活跃的女生组。(3)第三年，当所有学生在考试前3个月停止体育活动时，运动组和不运动组之间的任何危险因素均无显著差异。我们的结论是，定期运动可能对青少年动脉硬化的危险因素有抑制作用，持续规律的运动习惯对延长动脉硬化的危险因素具有重要作用。通过测量主动脉脉冲波速度（APWY）来评价运动对主动脉弹性的影响。纵向上，APWY随主动脉杨氏模量的增加而增加，32名初中生，其中22名积极运动的男生和10名不积极运动的男生，每年1次，为期3年。在第2年和第3年，运动组的体质水平高于不运动组。然而，在三年中，两组之间的APWV没有显示出任何差异。运动对主动脉弹性的影响在年轻一代中可能不明显，或者需要更长的观察期。少

1. The effects of the sport activity on the aeteriosclerotic risk factors were investigated in 333 junior high school students(176 boys and 157 girls). The body fat ratio(%fat), the systolic blood pressure(SBP), the diastolic blood pressure(DBP), the serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and total cholesterol(T-C)levels, and atherosenic index(AI)were evaluated, once a year for three years. The students were divided into inactive groups(24 boys, 32 girls)and active groups(115 boys, 109 girls)from the questionnaires, based 'on the attendance rate at sport practice in some sport club(50%<, 50%<greater than or equal>, respectively). The results were as follows : (1)In the 1st year, there was no significant difference in any risk factor between the inactive and active groups. (2)In the 2nd year, DBP, T-C, AI were significantly lower in the active boy group than in the inactive boy group, and %tat was lower in the active boy group compared with the inactive boy group, though not s … More tatistically significantly. DBP were significantly lower in the active girl group than in the inactive girl group. (3)In the 3rd year, when all students have discontinued the sport activity 3 months before the examination, there was no significant difference in any risk factor between the active and inactive groups. We conclude that the regular exercise may have suppressive effects on the arteriosclerotic risk factors in adolescents, and the continuation of a regular exercise habit is important to prolong the2. The effect of the sport activity on the aortic elasticity was evaluated by measuring the aortic pulse wave velocity(APWY), which is to be increased with increasing the aortic Youngs's modulus, longitudinally in 32 junior high school boy students, who consisted of 22 active boys and 10 inactive boys, once a year for three years. The physical fitness level of the active groups was higher than that of the inactive group in the 2nd and 3rd year. The APWV, however, did not show any difference between the-two groups through the three years. The effect of sport activity on the aortic elasticity might not be obvious in the younger generation, or a longer observation period should be necessary. Less