General Studies on Cities and Villages around the Ancient Mount Vesuvius

本研究计划的大纲可以概括如下：首席研究员Tsunoda从与古代世界其他地区比较研究的角度来处理城市化时期的问题，从而试图建立一个古代城市规划发展的类型学，以明确庞培城市规划的特点。通过研究庞贝附近Villae的考古证据，Asaka证明了其生产的经济领域已经超出了当地市场的需求。为了调整学者之间的混乱，重新调整了村庄的名单。曾经公布的村庄计划是为了建立一个类型学而编制的。此外，通过分析在遗址中发现的植物和仪器，确定了每个别墅的功能，从而澄清了其历史发展的模式。川西研究了作为造墙技术的石垫材料及其处理，并根据造墙技术重新审视了既定的建筑史年表。Tsujimura通过对庞贝铺砌道路上留下的车辙的分析，通过证明狭窄道路上的单向交通或宽阔道路上的左侧交通来研究交通系统。酒井从整个罗马历史背景下的地方城市与罗马中央政策的关系出发，论述了共和国末期庞贝的老兵殖民问题，估计了其对庞贝城市化的影响。此外，通过对这一时期的早期铭文的分析，澄清了庞贝的地形问题，并进行了地形学研究。西田研究了一个特定岛屿的城市化，并对这个岛屿周围的地区是所谓的老城区的普遍观点提出了质疑。研究方案的综合报告于1995年4月出版。少

The outline of this research program can be summarised as following :The head investigator Tsunoda dealed with the problems of the urbanization period from the viewpoint of comparative studies with the other area of the ancient world and hence tried to establish a typology of the development of urban planning in the archaic period to make clear the characteristics of the Pompeian urban planning. Studing the archaeological evidence from Villae in the vicinity of Pompeii, Asaka proved that the economic sphere of its production extended beyond the demand of the local market. The list of the Villae was readjusted in order to adjust the confusion among the scholars on it. The plans ever published of the Villae were compiled in order to establish a typology. Moreover, by analising the plant and the instruments which have been discovered at the sites, the function of each Villa was identified and thus the pattern of its historical development will be clarified. Kawanishi studied the stone mat … More erials and their treatment which were used as the wall building techniques, and reexmined the established chronology of the architectural history based on the wall building techniques. Through the analysis of the ruts left on the paved roads of Pompeii, Tsujimura studied the traffic system by proving the one-way traffic on the narrow roads or the left-side traffic on the broader roads. Sakai dealed the veterans colonization in Pompeii in the last period of the republic from the viewpoint of the relationship between a local city and Roman central policy in the whole context of the Roman history, estimating its influence on the urbanization of Pompeii. Moreover, through the analyzes of the early inscriptions written around this period, a topographical problem of Pompeii was clarified and the prosopographical studies were executed. Nishida researched the urbanization of a definite Insula, and questioned the common view that the district around this insula is a so-called the old town.The integrated report of the research program is published in April, 1995. Less