Developing Research on Monitoring System of Chemicals Using Bioassay

有毒化学品对环境的污染关系到生态系统的生存和人类的生存，已引起人们的关注。在这种情况下，迫切需要研制一种快速、简便、低成本的环境中有毒化学物质的检测系统。本研究以大型蚤、浮游植物、酵母菌和Lettus种子为实验材料，以相对生长速率、一定时间后的生物量、标记时间的长短为指标，对水体和沉积物中的有毒化学物质进行毒性检测，了解其毒性强度。不仅对水蚤的24小时致死率进行了评价，而且对水蚤的早期活动性变化也进行了评价。首次提出以蚤类早期的活动性变化为终点。这是了解水中有毒化学物质存在的一个非常敏感的指标，该方法具有快速检测毒性的特点。只需要三个小时。我们调查了莫尼 ...更多信息 存储系统，以检测有毒化学品在真实的环境中使用这些生物测定。本研究所取的环境水为河水。湖水及其沉积物和工业废物的填埋渗滤液。我们新开发的生物测定法，水蚤早期移动分析方法只需三个小时。与OECD推荐的24或48小时的正常方法相比，这可以大大缩短生物测定时间。该方法的灵敏度被发现对化学品非常敏感。当水蚤暴露于低浓度的化学物质时，水蚤的移动性被刺激，而当暴露于高浓度的化学物质时，水蚤的移动性被抑制。我们在沿着采集了一条河流和一个湖泊的环境样品（水和沉积物），并对它们进行了毒性测试。结果表明，毒性的季节性变化反映了农业生产活动的影响.垃圾渗滤液的毒性很强。只有3%的渗滤液溶液被检测到对水蚤的移动性有毒性。水蚤游动性试验和种子伸长抑制试验较微生物敏感。利用这些电池测试，我们可以评估生态毒性。少

It is now anxious that environmental pollution by toxic chemicals is concerned with survival of ecosystem and human begins. Under these circumastances, It is now needed that new detecting systems of toxic chemicals in environments with rapidity, easiness and low cost will be done. The object of this study is to detect the toxic chemical in water and in sediments and to know the strength of their toxicity.In this study, microorganisms, Daphnia magna, phytoplankton and yeast and seed of Lettus were used for toxicity testing and relative growth rate, biomass after given time, the length of tag time were evaluated as an end points. Not only 24 hours lethality but also early mobility change of Daphnia were evaluated. The mobility change of Daphnia at early time was newly developed as an end point. This is very sensitive index to know the existence of toxic chemicals in water and this method has a rapidity to detect toxicity. It takes only three hours. We investigated the possibility of moni … More toring system to detect toxic chemicals in real environment using these bioassays. The environmental water which we took and investigated were river water. lake water and their sediments and land fill leachates of industrial wastes. Our newly developed bioassay, the method of early mobility analysis of Daphnia takes only three hours. This could be reduced very much the bioassay time compared from normal method which is recommended by OECD which takes from 24 or 48 hours. The sensitivity of this method is found that it is very sensitive to chemicals. When Daphnia is exposed to chemicals a low concentrations, the mobility of Daphnia is stimulated and when is at high concentrations, mobility is inhibited. We found that it can be used as an endpoint expressed as TOXICITY UNIT.We took environmental samples (water and sediments) along a river and a lake and performed toxicity testing on them. The seasonal change of toxicity was found and suggested that it reflected the agricultural works. The toxicity of land fill leachate was very strong. Only 3% solution of the leachate was detected to be toxicity for Daphnia mobility tests. Daphnia mobility test and elongation inhibition of lettus seeds were more sensitive than micro organisms. Using these battery tests, we can evaluate the ecotoxicity. Less