'Impersonal' and Reflexive Constructions in Middle English

本文旨在完成作者在1986年和1989年发表的关于古英语非人称结构和反身结构的研究，使这一系列研究涵盖整个中世纪时期。“非人称”结构中的人称代词在斜格中表现得像人称结构的主语。古英语和中古英语中的反身代词是用斜格的互指人称代词来表达的，有或没有自我;没有自我的反身代词可以更恰当地称为“反身”。所谓从“非人称”结构到人称结构的变化，并不完全是一种变化，而只是介词for或to与与格代词连用后的一种趋势，它决定性地区分了主语和间接宾语。在整个中世纪时期，使用没有反身功能的同指代词与运动和情感动词是可以接受的，但在威克里夫圣经中，不使用这种“pleonastic”同指代词的趋势变得明显。然而，在其他作品中，代词的使用和不使用取决于手稿。在这四年中，我们访问了以下机构进行研究和手稿研究：牛津大学彭布罗克学院，伦敦国王学院，曼彻斯特、达勒姆和格拉斯哥的圣谢菲尔德英语系，博德利图书馆，大英图书馆和赫尔辛基大学。这项研究的结果将在欧洲发表，预计会得到反馈。

This study aims at the accomplishment of the research which the present writer made in the publications in 1986 and 1989 on Old English 'impersonal' and reflexive constructions, so that the series of studies may cover the whole medieval period. 'Impersonal' is the construction in which the personal pronoun in the oblique case behaves like the subject of a personal construction. Reflexive in Old and Middle English is expressed by a coreferential, personal pronoun in the oblique case, with or without-self ; the reflexive without-self can be more properly termed 'reflexive'. The so-called change from 'impersonal' to personal constructions is not exactly a change but only a tendency found after the regular use of a preposition for or to with the dative pronoun, which tells the subject from the indirect object decisively. The use of a coreferential pronoun with no reflexive function is acceptable with verbs of motion and emotion throughout the medieval period, but in the Wycliffite Bible a tendency towards the non-use of this kind of 'pleonastic' coreferential pronoun becomes obvious. In other works, however, the use and non-use of the pronoun depends on the manuscripts.The following institutes have been visited for research and manuscript studies for these four years : Pembroke College, Oxford, King's College, London, English Departments st Sheffield, Manchester, Durham and Glasgow, Bodleian Library, British Library, and University of Helsinki. The result of this study will be published from Europe, where the feedback is to be expected.