Time Budget Analysis of University Professor

该项目旨在根据1995年6月的调查数据，从时间预算的角度明确大学教授的情况，并从理论上考察其与研究活动组织方式的关系。大学教授的时间预算分析我们从多方面分析了大学教授的工作环境，特别是国立大学的教授，他们强烈感受到研究时间的短缺。进一步分析了大学改革与大学教授时间预算的关系。然后，我们指出会议的主观负荷大于实际时间消耗。然而，频繁的会议降低了时间的质量，因为时间资源被分割成碎片。我们还调查了行政工作的实际情况。我们将这些结果总结为《大学教授的工作质量》、《大学教授的忙碌与教研配套制度》、《大学教授在时间预算方面的研究环境》和《大学教授的行政工作分析》。此外，我们还根据调查数据对大学教授的专职等值问题进行了考察。研究活动组织的理论考察参考科技活动模式理论，对高校教授工作繁忙的原因进行了考察。提出了知识生产的三种组织模式；同行评议制度、内部制度和试听制度。特别是审计制度的渗透和三种模式的同时存在，伴随着模式二的出现，让大学教授们忙得不可开交。

The project aims to make clear circumstances of university professors from a viewpoint of time budget based on the survey data done in June 1995, and to theoretically investigate their connections with modes of organisation of research activities.1. Analysis of Time Budget among University ProfessorWe analyzed working environments of university professors by many attributions, especially professor of national universities who strongly feel a shortage of a research time. Furthermore, we analyzed connections between university reform and time budget of university professors. Then, we pointed out that a subjective load for meeting was larger than actual time consumption. However, frequent meetings made a quality of time lower because time resources were cut in pieces. We also investigate actual conditions of administrative works.We summarised such results into Quality of Working among University Professors, Busy University Professors and Supporting System of Education and Research, Research Environment of University Professors in Respect of Time Budget, and Analysis of Adminisrative Works of University ProfessorsAdditionally, we examined the Full Time Equivalent problem based on survey data.2. Theoretical Investigate of Organisation of Research ActivitiesWith referring the Mode theory of Science and Technology activities, we investgated the reason the university professors were very busy. We proposed three types of organisation modes of knowledge production ; Peer Review System, In-house System and Audition System. Especilaly, both penetrations of Auditon System and simultaneous existing of three types of modes, accompanied by appearance of Mode 2 let to busy university professors.