Positive and synthetic research on the rice market reorganization in 1870's-1910's

本研究的主题是第一次世界大战前日本近代稻米市场的重组，从以下四个角度进行探讨。它们是(A)大米产地的改善，(B)运输条件的维持，(C)大城市市场结构的变化，(D)抓好全国大米流通。对主要产地和市场的材料进行了调查，经过分析，得到了与(A)-(D)相对应的结果。(A)行业协会和行政机关对水稻的改良始于一些产地，产地之间的竞争始于1890年的费用。这一时期稻米改良的目的是使商品标准化。(2)水稻改良的发展程度与运输条件密切相关。(C)东京福川、大阪藤岛2大交易市场与偏远生产地的交易增长顺利。这些市场的商人建议在生产地改进大米。此外，对低品质大米的需求是新生的，北海道和大城市的需求增加了。(D)大米改良是在运输条件形成的基础上发展起来的，它促进了大米的商品化。而低品质大米的标准化加剧了对低品质大米的需求。通过上述工作，对当时大米市场的重组过程进行了积极的、综合的研究。

The theme of this research is the reorganization of the rice market in Japan in the modern ages before World War I.It is approached from the following four points of view. They are (a) Rice improvement of the place of production, (b) The maintenance of the transport condition, (c) Change in the market structure of the big city, (d) The grasping that nationwide rice circulation. Materials for the main place of production and the market were investigated, and it got the following result corresponding to (a)-(d) as a result of analyzing them. (a) Rice improvement by the trade association and the administrative organ began in some places of production, and competition between the places of production began in 1890 fee. The purpose of rice improvement of this time was the standardization of the goods. (b) The degree of the development of rice improvement had intimate relations with the transport condition. (c) 2 big dealings market of Tokyo Fukagawa, Osaka Dojima increased dealings with the remote place of production smoothly. The merchants of these markets suggested rice improvement in the place of production. Furthermore, demand for low quality rice was born newly, and increased in Hokkaido and the big city. (d) Rice improvement was developed based on the formation of the transport condition, and it promoted merchandising of the rice. And the standardization of the low quality rice escalated demand for low quality rice. Through the above work, the process that a rice market was reorganized in the time concerned was studied positively and synthetically.