TRANSMISSIBLE DISEASES BETWEEN DOMESTIC AND WILD ANIMALS IN AFRICA

牛BHV-1抗原阳性率为23.28%，抗体阳性率为48.28%。狂犬病在赞比亚的流行率为3- 28.8%，尤其是狗和牛，分别为75%和13%。由于犬的核苷酸序列与赞比亚野生动物的核苷酸序列具有93- 99%的同源性，因此可以得出结论，野生动物是从犬感染狂犬病的。从牛和水牛体内分离的肝吸虫经鉴定为肝片形吸虫，具有正常的精子发生能力。牛源吸虫有A、B、C三种基因型，而勒丘吸虫只有一种基因型C。遗传树显示C基因型与A、B基因型在遗传学上存在差异，因此认为C基因型肝吸虫是由莱希韦传播给牛的。由牛分枝杆菌引起的结核病存在于lechwe中，表现出与牛相同的病理变化。不同地区分离物的DNA指纹图谱分析表明， ...更多信息 显示出遗传相似性，表明同一菌株在莱希韦种群中流行，并可能在牛中引起牛结核病。血涂片和PCR检测均未发现莱希氏泰勒虫，而PCR检测牛的样本中有7%的样本含有rRNA。从牛和布法罗中检出4种泰勒虫。从斑马中分离的马红球菌无病理标志蛋白和质粒。提示家马间存在感染循环。用ELISA法检测了赞比亚8%驴样中的甲型流感病毒抗体. ELISA阳性的血清样品进行HI试验。4份阳性样品抑制A/Aichi/2/68的血凝，但不抑制马分离株的血凝。已知禽流感和马流感病毒的血凝倾向于不被其抗血凝素抗体抑制。牛中的BlV血清阳性率为12%。巢式PCR检测BIV血清学阳性标本中存在BIV前病毒DNA。赞比亚BIV分离株的核苷酸序列与BIV-R29高度同源。少

The prevalence of the BHV 1 antigens in cattle was 23.28 % while the mean prevalence of the BHV 1 antibodies was 48.28 %. The prevalence of the Rabies in Zambia was 3-28.8 %, especially in dogs and cattle was 75 % and 13 %, respectively. As the nucleotide sequences of dogs showed 93-99 % homology to wild beasts in Zambia, it was concluded that wild beasts were infected Rabies from dogs. The liver flukes obtained from cattle and Kafue lechwe were identified as Fasciola gigantica with normal spermatogenesis ability. The flukes from cattle showed three different genotypes (A, B and C), but those from lechue did one genotype C. Since phylogenetical tree showed that the genotype C was genetically distinct from the genotypes A and B, the liver flukes of genotype C was considered to be spread to cattle from lechwe. The tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis is present in lechwe showing pathological changes as seen in cattle. The DNA finger printing of the isolates from different localities e … More xhibited genetic similarity suggesting that the same strain is circulating in the lechwe population and probably in cattle causing bovine tuberculosis. Theileria was not found in lechwe from both blood smear samples and PCR analysis, while 7 % samples from cattle were recognized to have rRNA by PCR. Four species of Theileria were detected from cattle and buffalo. Rhodococcus equi isolated from zebra had no pathological marker protein and plasmid. It was suggested the infection circle between domestic horse. Antibodies to influenza A virus were detected 8 % samples of donkeys from Zambia by ELISA. ELISA-positive serum samples were subjected to HI test. Four positive samples inhibited hemagglutination of A/Aichi/2/68 but not of equine isolates. It is known that hemagglutination of avian and equine influenza viruses tend not to be inhibited by their anti-hemagglutinin antibodies. Seroprevalence of BlV in cattle was 12 %. BIV seropositive samples were found to have BIV provirus-DNA by nested PCR. The nucleotide sequences of Zambian BIV isolates showed highly homology to BIV-R29. Less