Development of anti-tick vaccine

哺乳动物体内平衡的维持是一个涉及许多蛋白质相互作用的多方面过程，然而需要许多蛋白质的平衡和协调相互作用，然而需要丝氨酸蛋白酶超家族成员及其抑制剂（称为丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂）之间的平衡和协调相互作用占据中心作用。在存在大量数据的哺乳动物系统中，已知丝氨酸蛋白酶和丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂两者调节诸如血液凝固级联、纤维蛋白溶解、食物消化、受精、炎症和免疫应答的重要功能。丝氨酸蛋白酶或丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂功能的不平衡或缺陷导致疾病。蜱编码蛋白酶或丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂，可破坏宿主体内的平衡，因此，我们研究了蜱丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂的分子克隆，以作为蜱疫苗的候选基因。利用RACE方法快速扩增HLS 1和HLS 2两个基因的cDNA片段，并将其克隆到HLS 1和HLS 2基因组中。克隆了长角类。重组HLS1和HLS2均具有抗凝活性。用大肠杆菌表达的重组HLS 1或2免疫家兔，均产生了显著的抗蜱免疫效果。我们计划使用这4种鸡尾酒疫苗来预防病原体的传播。

Maintenance of mammalian homeostatic balance is a multi-faced process involving an interaction of many proteins, however the need for a balance and coordinated interaction of many proteins, however the need for a balance and coordinated interaction between members of the serine proteinase super family and their inhibitors, known as serpins occupy a central role. In mammalian systems where extensive data exists, both serine proteinases and serpins are known to regulate such important functions as the blood coagulation cascade, fibrinolysis, food digestion, fertilization, inflammatory and immune responses. Imbalances or deficiencies in function of either serine proteinases or serpins have resulted in diseases. Ticks encode proteinases or serpins to disrupt the host homeostatic balance to their advantage.For this reason, we examined the molecular cloning of tick-encoded serpins as a candidate for tick vaccine. By using rapid amplification of the cDNA (RACE method), two genes (HLS l and HLS 2) from H. longicornis were cloned. Both recombinant HLS l and 2 showed the anti-coagulant activities. Vaccinaion of rabbits with either recombinant HLS 1 or 2 expressed in Escherichia coli resulted in significant anti-tick immunity.At present, we have characterized 4 tick salivary gland proteins whose recombinant products were effective against tick. We are planning to use these 4 cocktail vaccine for prevent the transmission of pathogens.