Study on Historical Development of Method of Practical Training in Vocational School and Internship in Secondary School in Japan.

考察和分析了日本职业学校实训和中学实习方法的历史发展。研究结果如下：1.职业学校毕业生在服兵役、考文官、升学等方面与普通中等学校毕业生享有同等待遇，职业学校和高中职业课程的特点赋予了职业学校和中等学校。因此，这些学校的教育具有中等职业学校的特点。2.1在农业学校中，收益账户是在专门账户系统中处理的，而不是在一般账户系统中。这种专门账户系统被教师称为收益返还账户系统（Kangenkin Seido）。东京都大都会等13个都道府县废除了这一制度，并在普通会计制度上进行了修改。 ...更多信息 职业学校最重要的工作人员是普通教师和实习助理。这些实际培训助理的前身是培训助理（josshu）。在确立高中实习辅导员资格标准时，在高中教职员工中制定了实习辅导员资格标准。现在有超过14,000的实习助理在高中。教师和工作人员工会呼吁增加工资，并要求他们定位实习教师。4.1在中学有历史上许多类型的实习。第二次世界大战前，职业学校的学生在暑假期间在几个企业学习。在那里，学生经历了几份工作。第二次世界大战后，农业学校实施了家庭项目。现在教育部建议在企业实习。不仅在高中的职业课程，而且在初中和高中的普通课程中，学生在几个企业实习。在l-5天内进行多项工作的试验。而不少高中都把这些实习授权在学校的幼儿园的单位。少

We surveyed and analized the historical development of methods of practical training in vocational school and internship in secondary school in Japan. Results are as follows.1. The graduates of vocational schools were treated equally to graduates of general secondary schools at the point of military service,civil service examination and entrance into higher schools.And the characters of vocational school and vocational course of high school put upon vocational training school and secondary school. Therefore education in these schools are characterized secondary vocational school.2.1n agricultural school the yield account are treated in the special account system,not in general account system.This special account system are called by teachers the yield return account system (kangenkin seido). And the purpose of practical training in these schools are often to enlarge the harvest.Tokyo Metropolis and the other 13 Prefectures abolished the system and alterated in general account system.3. … More The most inportant staffs in vocational schools are general teachers and practical training assistants (jisshujoshu). The antecedent of these practical training assistants were training assistants (josshu). When established the accreditation standard of high school practical training assistants were formulated in the staffs of high school. Nowadays there are more than 14,000 of practical training assistants in high schools.The union of teachers and staffs shouted increase pay and claim to locate them practical training teachers.4.1n secondary schools there were historicaly many types of internship. Before the second world war in vocational schools the students learned in several enterprises in summer vacaton.There the students experienced several jobs.After the second world war in agricultural schools home project were inplemented.Nowadays ministry of education recommends internship at enterprises.Then not only in vocacional course of high schools but also in general course of junior and senior secondary schools students learned practically in several enterprises in l-5days for experiment of several jobs. And many high schools accredit these internship in the unit of cariculum of school. Less