Development of high-dose-rate quasi-x-ray laser generators and applications to medical radiographies including polycapillary radiography

准X射线激光发生器：高压主电容器由电源充电至55KV，用触发装置触发阴极电极后，电容器中的电荷释放到管中。然后产生等离子体闪光X射线，如激光。X射线管是一个可拆卸的冷阴极三极管，连接在涡轮分子泵上，压力约为1兆帕，靶元素为铁、镍、铜、钼、银和铈。弱电离等离子体X射线光谱的测量：等离子体源X射线光谱的测量采用透射式光谱仪，其氟化锂弯曲晶体的厚度为0.5 mm。光谱由宽动态范围的计算机射线照相(CR)系统获取，并由DICOM数字数据计算相对X射线强度。事实上，我们观察到了非常尖锐的K系列特征x射线，如激光，而韧致辐射射线几乎不是…铅狭缝的发散：为了测量来自常规管的X射线和来自等离子体管的X射线之间的特性差异，我们使用了两个铅缝来测量X射线的发散。与传统的钨靶X射线相比，来自铜和钼的线性等离子体的特征X射线在通过两个狭缝后被极大地扩散。使用Ce靶X射线管的高对比度血管成像：来自Ce靶的特征X射线对于使用碘基造影剂进行血管成像是有用的，因为Ce的K系列谱线的光子能量略高于碘的K吸收边的能量。在犬较大心脏的血管造影术中，使用碘球，冠状动脉可清楚地显示在多毛细管造影术中：使用平面聚焦等离子体X射线管和多毛细管平板，我们用CR系统实现了准单色平行造影术。较少

Quasi-x-ray laser generator : The high-voltage main condenser is charged up to 55 kV by a power supply, and electric charges in the condenser are discharged to the tube after triggering the cathode electrode with the trigger device. The plasma flash x-rays such as laser are then produced. The x-ray tube is a demountable cold cathode triode that is connected to the turbo molecular pump with a pressure of approximately 1 mPa, and the target elements are iron, nickel, copper, molybdenum, silver, and cerium.Measurement of x-ray spectra from weakly ionized plasma : X-ray spectra from the plasma source were measured by a transmission-type spectrometer with a lithium fluoride curved crystal of 0.5 mm in thickness. The spectra were taken by a computed radiography (CR) system with a wide dynamic range, and relative x-ray intensity was calculated from Dicom digital data. In fact, we observed quite sharp lines of K-series characteristic x-rays such as lasers, while bremsstrahlung rays were hardly … More detected.Divergence by lead slits : In order to measure the difference in characteristics between x-rays from a conventional tube and these from the plasma tubes, we employed two lead slits in order to measure the divergence of the x-rays. As compared with x-rays from a conventional tube with a tungsten target, the characteristic x-rays from linear plasmas of copper and molybdenum were diffused greatly after passing through the two slits.High contrast angiography using a cerium target x-ray tube : Characteristic x-rays from a cerium target are useful to perform angiography using an iodine-based contrast medium, since the photon energies of K-series lines of cerium are slightly higher than the energy of the K-absorption edge of iodine. In angiography of a larger heart extracted from a dog, using iodine spheres, the coronary arteries were clearly visiblePolycapillary radiography : Using a plane-focus plasma x-ray tube in conjunction with a polycapillary plate, we performed quasi-monochromatic parallel radiography achieved with the CR system. Less