Research on development of evaluation method for emotinal change and effectiveness in the learning with information technology

人的情感活动对学习动机和学习效果起着重要作用。本研究探讨生物反应是否可以作为学习者活动的情感因素，以达到资讯科技有效学习的目的。本研究的主要结果有三点：第一，以瞳孔功率谱密度（PSD）的形式观察了学生对口算任务难度的反应。提出了一种基于瞳孔变化的隐层模型的多层感知器来估计眨眼过程中瞳孔的大小。观察两种口算任务的瞳孔图。1.6-3.5Hz范围内的PSD在三种实验条件下均存在显著性差异，瞳孔平均大小也存在显著性差异。在控制、1 × 1和1 × 2数字口算任务中，PSD和平均尺寸均随任务难度的增加而增加。比较有无眨眼伪影时的PSD结果，无眨眼伪影时的PSD结果更清楚地显示了任务解决的因素。 ...更多信息 第二，在口算任务和眼跟随任务中，测量了被试在不同任务难度下的扫视眼动频率和路径长度。实验一的结果发现，随着任务难度的增加，被试的眼跳发生率和眼跳长度都呈下降趋势。在实验二中，通过视觉目标的切换频率来诱发眼动频率。扫视时间随频率的增加而增加，而注视时间随频率的增加而减少。此外，眨眼和眼跳时间的相关性出现在较高的频率。此外，眼动频率似乎起着不同的作用比任务难度。第三，在汉字识别任务中，随机呈现单个已知汉字、未知汉字和假汉字的视觉图像，通过观察脑电中事件相关电位（ERP）来考察汉字的知觉过程。事件相关电位分析显示，作为词汇认知指标的N400出现了。独立成分分析（伊卡）结果显示，枕叶皮层的独立成分激活时程无差异，而左后下颞叶皮层（PITC）的独立成分激活时程有差异，均从320 ms刺激开始激活。这一结果表明汉字在枕叶皮层是作为视觉特征加工的，而在左侧PITC是作为词汇C12项目加工的。少

Human emotional activity plays major role of learning motivation and effectiveness. We examined whether bio-response can be a measure as emotional factor of learner's activity to achieve effectiveness learning with information technology. Major results are addressed in three points.Firstly, pupil response for task difficulty of oral calculation was observed as-power spectrum density (PSD) of pupillogram. Multi layer perceptron with one hidden layer model for pupillary change was developed to estimate pupil size during blink. Pupillography in the two types of oral calculation task were observed. The PSDs in the area of 1.6-3.5Hz were significantly changed among three experimental conditions as well as averages of pupil size. Both of PSD and average size increased with task difficulty : control, 1x1 and 1x2 digits oral calculation. Comparing PSD results of pupillography between with and without blink artifact, PSD result without blink artifact clearly showed the factor of task solving.Se … More condly, saccadic eye-movement frequency and it's path length were measured in response to the task difficulty during oral calculation task and ocular following task. The results of first experiment found that both the saccade occurrence rate and saccade length were found to decrease with the increased difficulty of the task. In second experiment, eye-movement frequencies were elicited by the switching frequency of a visual target. The saccade time were found to increase with the frequency however, gazing time were found to decrease in response to the frequency. Additionally, the correlation between blinking and saccade time appeared in the higher frequencies. Furthermore, eye-movement frequency appears to play a different role than that of task difficulty. Thirdly, perceptual process for Japanese Kanji character was examined by observing event related potential (ERP) in electroencephalogram for Kanji discrimination task, Visual images of single known kanji, unknown kanji and fake-kanji were presented randomly while the subjects perform the kanji discrimination task. ERP analysis revealed that N400, the index as word cognition, is emerged. The result of independent component analysis (ICA) on ERP revealed that the activation timecourse of the independent components located in the occipital cortex had no difference and those located in the left posterior inferior temporal cortex (PITC) had difference and were activated from 320ms stimulus onset. This result indicates that kanji is processed as visual feature in occipital cortex and as lexical C12item in the left PITC. Less