Study of the effects of nuisance zoning on land and labor markets

土地利用政策对城市化进程的影响分析：在NEG模型的框架内，它旨在表明城市化率是由每个社会经济主体的理性行为综合决定的。特别是，本文构建了一个模型来解释中国的城市化进程，从而明确纳入政府在土地利用管理中的作用，并可以评估政策效果。主要结论如下。1.影响城镇化率的政策变量是城乡住宅用地面积比和城乡公共住房存量比，城镇化率随城乡住宅用地面积比和城乡公共住房存量比而降低。在运输成本效应方面，制造业商品运输成本的降低会降低城市化率。另一方面，农产品运输成本的降低将促进城市化进程。2.低技能劳动力的增加将增加产出，从而提高效用水平。另一方面，人口增加将减少人均住宅用地面积，从而降低效用水平。这意味着存在一个最优群体规模。扩展的Harris-Todaro模型分析：在Harris-Todaro基本的城乡迁移模型的基础上，我们分析了基础设施可用性的影响以及经过时间考验的收入效应，同时通过提供和融资基础设施来调节政府行为。我们的理论分析证实，基础设施的存在可能是做出迁移决策的重要因素。与基本Harris-Todaro模型的比较也表明，Todaro悖论在基本模型中不存在，但在扩展模型中可以存在。

The analysis of land use policy effects on urbanization process : within a framework an NEG model it was intended to show that urbanization rate is determined as a synthetic result of rational behavior of each socio-economic agent. In particular, a model is constructed with bearing in mind to explain the urbanization process in China such that the role of government in managing land use is explicitly incorporated and policy effects can be evaluated. Major conclusions are as follows. 1.The policy variables affecting urbanization rate are the ratio of residential land area between rural and urban districts and the ratio of public stock for living between the two district the urbanization decreases with both of them. Concerning transport cost effect, a decrease in the transport cost of manufacturing good will lower the urbanization rate. On the other hand, lower transport cost of agricultural product will promote urbanization. 2.An increase in low-skill labor will increase output and thus increases utility level. On the other hand, increased population will reduce per capita residential lot size and thereby lower the utility level. This implies that an optimal population size exists.The analysis of an extended Harris-Todaro model : Developing an extended model of the basic Harris-Todaro model of rural -urban migration, we analyzed the effects of infrastructure availability together with time -tested income effects while accommodating government behavior through the provision and financing infrastructure. Our theoretical analysis confirms that infrastructure presence can be a significant factor in making migration decisions. Comparison with the basic Harris-Todaro model also revels that the Todaro paradox is absent in the basic model, it can be present in the extended model.