Appropriate exercise levels for health promotion based on biomarkers of habitual aerobic exercisers

目的：为了研究促进健康的适当体育锻炼水平，我们检查了参加为期两天的超级马拉松比赛的日本非专业跑步者的人体测量特征和生活方式参数沿着以及比赛中期和比赛后的生物标志物，包括活性氧。我们评估了202（2002年）和186（2003年）日本业余超级马拉松运动员的人体测量特征和生活方式参数以及基线生物标志物。我们还检查了生物标志物的变化，包括氧化剂，抗氧化剂和肌肉损伤标志物从基线到中期和赛后点。此外，在2004年，我们招募了25名运动员，探讨生物标志物，包括NK细胞活性和葡萄糖和脂质代谢的参数，不仅在基线，中期和赛后点，并在1天，3天和5天后的时间点比赛。氧化生物标志物，包括8-OHdG和d-ROM，在比赛中期点升高;然而，这些标志物在第2天下降。另一方面，抗氧化标记物，如尿酸和胆红素，和肌肉损伤指数，包括GOT，LDH和CPK，在比赛中期和赛后point.Discussion：超级马拉松选手表现出良好的健康状况，根据基线生物标志物，提供强有力的证据表明，定期有氧运动是有益于健康的沿着其他方面的理想生活方式。氧化物生物标志物在比赛中期升高，但在第2天降低，这意味着在第2天进化出适应机制来修复氧化DNA损伤。

Objective : To study appropriate levels of physical exercise for health promotion, we examined anthropometric characteristics and lifestyle parameters along with mid-and post-race biological markers, including reactive oxygen species, of Japanese non-professional runners attending a two-day ultra-marathon race.Subjects and Methods : We evaluated anthropometric characteristics and lifestyle parameters and baseline biomarkers of 202 (in 2002) and 186 (in 2003) Japanese amateur ultra-marathon runners. We also examined changes in biomarkers, including oxidant, anti-oxidant and muscle damage markers from baseline to mid-and post-race points. Furthermore, in 2004, we recruited 25 runners to explore biomarkers, including NK cell activity and parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism, not only at baseline, mid-race and post-race points but also at the points one day, three days and five days after the race.Results : Ultra-marathon runners demonstrated desirable baseline biological markers. Oxidant biomarkers, including 8-OHdG and d-ROM, were elevated at the mid-race point ; however, those markers were decreased on the 2nd day. On the other hand, anti-oxidant markers, such as uric acid and bilirubin, and muscle damage indices, including GOT, LDH and CPK, were induced progressively at mid-race and post-race points.Discussion : Ultra-marathon runners show a good health status according to baseline biological markers, providing strong evidence that regular aerobic exercise is beneficial to health along with other aspects of desirable lifestyle. Oxidant biomarkers were elevated at the mid-race point but were decreased on the 2nd day, which implies that adaptive mechanisms evolved during the 2nd day to repair oxidative DNA damage.