A Study of the Facade-side Cairn Burial A Key to the Pastoral Nomadizalion in the Near East

人们普遍认为，由于早期游牧民族的高流动性，考古学上的可见度很低，因此很难追踪近斋戒时期的游牧民族化过程。这个项目的目的是从埋葬习俗的技术类型学转变的角度来追溯这一划时代的事件，这是早期游牧民族唯一可见的方面。为此，在约旦南部贾法尔盆地挖掘了两处考古遗址。挖掘工作表明：（1）巴民族党的游牧民在外墙旁进行土葬，如Wadi Abu Tulayha的一个农牧前哨所示;（2）这种独特的埋葬做法继承了巴民族党早期游牧民墓地Harrat al-Juhayra的假土葬，尽管在技术类型上略有改动; 3）它进一步下降到Qa' Abu Tulayha West，al.再次位于贾法尔盆地的新石器时代晚期墓地。这些观点使我们能够通过埋葬实践中的技术类型学转变来追踪贾法尔盆地的田园游牧。以特定的方式。重要的是，在这一系列转变之间似乎没有明显的差距。由此可见，流域的游牧化是以游牧民的早期渗透为契机而发生的，这是一个重要的暗示，表明游牧民族起源于向西定居的农耕社会。

It is commonly argued that the process of the pastoral nomadization in the Near Fast is difficult to trace because of the low archaeological visibility of early pastoral nomads with high mobility. This project was intended to trace this epoch-making episode from the viewpoint of the techno-typological shift in burial practice, the only visible aspect of early pastoral nomads. For this purpose, two archaeological sites in the Jafr Basin in southern Jordan were excavated. The excavations showed that 1) the PPNB transhumants conducted the facade-side cairn burial, as evidenced at an agro-pastoral outpost of Wadi Abu Tulayha ; 2) this unique burial practice was inherited, though subject to minor techno-typological modification, to the pseudo-house caim burial at Harrat al-Juhayra, a PPNC cemetery of early pastoral nomads ; and 3) it was further descended to Qa' Abu Tulayha West, al. a Late Neolithic cemetery again in the Jafr Basin.These perspectives enabled us to trace the pastoral nomadization in the Jafr Basin through the techno-typological transformation in burial practice in a specific way. Of significance is the fact that there seems to be no remarkable gaps between the series of transformation. Given this it follows that the pastoral nomadization in the basin took place taking the opportunity of the incipient infiltration as transhumants, an important suggestion that the pastoral nomadism originated in the sedentary fanning society to the west.