A Study of Chinese Characters Denoting Mongolian in the Secret History of the Mongols

研究者制作了《元昭秘史》的数字（或电子）文本。《元兆密史》由三大部分组成：（1）蒙古文的汉语拼音文本，（2）蒙古文的汉语注释，（3）汉语翻译，共282段。在这些机构中，蒙古文文本已被输入为罗马化的转录和作为汉字。中文注释和翻译已按原样输入。四个数字文本（i. e.蒙古文的罗马转写、蒙古文的汉语转写、汉语注释和汉语翻译）是相互关联的，因此我们在搜索任何一个条目时都可以找到所有条目，在此基础上，研究者考察了《远照密使》蒙古文中表示蒙古语音和音节的汉字的用法。有一些汉字具有相同的音值，例如。G.有八种表示“是”的汉字，六种表示“i”的汉字，等等。研究的主要兴趣是它们的使用方式和原因，如果有的话。作为典型个案，研究者对蒙古语中表示“u”音（音节）的五种文字的使用情况进行了详尽的调查，发现它们与所使用的蒙古语词汇的意义有关。汉字的使用是如此的一致和彻底，我们有充分的理由认为，蒙古文文本的汉字转写是在一定的规则和书写方式。

The researcher has made degital(or electronic) texts of Yuanzhao Mishi(The Secret History of the Mongols). Yuanzhao Mishi consists of three main bodies: (1)Mongolian text spelled by Chinese characters which denote the pronunciation(sounds) of the Mongolian language, (2)Chinese glosses attached to every Mongolian word and ending, and (3)Chinese translations devided in 282 paragraphs. Among these bodies, the Mongolian text has been input as romanized transcription and as Chinese characters. Chinese glosses and translations have been input as they are. Four digital text(i. e. Romanised transcription of Mongolian, Chinese transcription of Mongolian, Chinese glosses, and Chinese translations) are related to each other so that we can find all the items when we search any item of them.On the basis of such database, the researcher investigated the usage of Chinese characters which denote Mongolian sounds and syllables in the Mongolian text of Yuanzhao Mishi. There are some Chinese characters which have the same phonetic value, e. g. there are eight kinds of Chinese characters which denote the sound "shi", six kinds of characters for the sound "i", and so forth. The main interest of the study is the the way and the reason of their use, if there is any. The researcher investigated, as a typical case study, the use of five kinds of characters which denote the sound(syllable) "u" of Mongolian exhaustively, and revealed that they are concerned with the meaning of the Mongolian words, in which they are used. The use of Chinese characters is so consistent and thoroughgoing that we have good reason to consider that the transcription of Mongolian texts into Chinese characters were made on definite rules and way of writing.