Qing Dynasty imperial succession during the Kangxi Era from the perspective of movements among banner princes

本文以清康熙年间的皇位继承问题为研究对象（1662-1722），澄清了为什么中国早期王朝实行官方命名太子的问题的背景，其特点是皇帝在活着的时候命名冠价，而不是根据清朝传统的习惯手段（通过强有力的领导人的共识选择继任者）以及为什么一个特定的皇太子在皇太子被剥夺继承权后在宫廷中获得了声望，并试图阐明这一时期宫廷内的权力结构。传统的在康熙年间，满洲人的共识制度在太子的命名中被拒绝了，这通常被视为康熙皇帝对中国皇帝的尊重的证明。然而，实际上，与上述清朝初年的设置制度相比，并没有任何变化。也就是说，康熙朝廷的太子不仅有皇权的支持，而且是通过强大的旗王和家族的支持而被安置在这个位置上的，就像在清朝初期一样，他们的投机和利益对皇帝的继承人产生了强烈的影响。从这个意义上说，可以说清初的权力结构基本上一直延续到康熙末年。

In this study, I take up issue of imperial succession during the Qing Kangxi period (1662-1722), clarify the background of the problems of why the official naming of the crown prince was executed as in the earlier Chinese dynasties, characterized by the naming of the crown price by the emperor while still alive, rather than by the customary means based on Qing tradition (selection of successors through the consensus of powerful leaders) and why a specific imperial prince gained popularity within the court after the disinheritance of the crown prince and attempt to elucidate the power structure within the court during this period.The traditional consensus system of the Manchurians was rejected in the naming of the crown prince during the Kangxi period and this is conventionally seen as proof of a display of respect by Kangxi Emperor for the Chinese Emperors. In actuality, however, there was no change whatsoever from the installation regime during the early years of the Qing Dynasty as described above. That is, the crown prince of the Kangxi court was not only backed up by imperial authority but was installed in that position through the support of the powerful banner princes and clans and, as during the early years of the Qing Dynasty, their speculations and interests exerted a strong effect on the successor to the emperor. In that sense, it could probably be said that the power structure of the early Qing Dynasty essentially continued on until the end of the Kangxi period.