Psychological research of community value toward promotion of public participation

在本研究中，“社区价值”被定义为“居民在实际日常生活中需要和强调的当地社区要素”，本研究的主要目的是了解居民在当前社区中拥有什么样的社区价值，并调查社区价值的结构（研究1）。同时，本研究也旨在开发一个评估居民社区价值的量表，并探讨这些价值对居民态度和社区参与的影响（研究2）。我们分别在2010年和2011年进行了研究1和研究2来检验这些目的。在研究1中，我们对三个具有不同特征的区域进行了问卷调查，各区域的回复率为46。9%(689人)。我们从居民那里获得了1507条有效的评论，他们被要求用开放式问题（“在你的社区生活中，什么是你认真考虑的？”）来描述他们的社区价值。’)……用KJ法对这些评论进行分析，将其分为16大类和54小类。例如，我们在主要类别中有“交通”、“自然”、“教育和儿童保育”、“人际关系”和“商业设施和购物”等社区价值。结果表明，居民对社区所强调的社区价值观不是单面的，而是多方面的。根据主要类别的关系，揭示了社区价值的两个维度：“理性/经济-情感/社会文化”和“丰富-可持续性”。在研究2中，我们对日本各地的人们进行了网络调查，有651人回答。与研究1不同的是，他们被要求根据他们在社区中所重视的程度来分配100分。以居民分布点为基础进行聚类分析的结果显示，社区价值分为“便利”、“地区问题”、“情感”、“安全网”和“可居住性”5类。调查结果显示，“便利”和“情感”对居民态度和社区参与的影响是相关的。然而，相关的方向是不同的。“方便”与他们负相关，而“情绪化”与他们正相关。结果表明，强调便利性的居民表现出消极态度，社区参与程度下降；强调情绪性的居民表现出积极态度，社区参与程度提高。少

In this study, "community value" was defined as 'elements of the local community that residents need for and emphasize in their practical daily life' and the main purpose of this study was to find out what kinds of community value residents have in the current community and to investigate the structure of community value(research 1). And this study also aimed to develop a scale for evaluating the community value among residents and to investigate these value's effects on resident's attitude and their participation to their community(research 2).We conducted research 1 in 2010 and research 2 in 2011 to examine these purposes. In research 1, we conducted questionnaire survey in three areas with different characteristics and response rate among the areas was 46. 9%(689 respondents). We obtained 1507 effective comments were obtained from the residents who were asked to describe their community value with open-ended question('what is a serious consideration for you in your community life?') … More . As a result of analyzing these comments with KJ method, these were classified into 16 main categories and 54 sub categories. For example, we had community value such as' Traffic', 'Nature', 'Education and Childcare', 'Human relation' and 'Commercial facility and Shopping' from main categories. The result showed that community values that residents emphasized on their community were not single-sided but many-sided. And according to relation of main categories, it revealed two dimensions in community values :' Rational/Economical-Emotional/Sociocultural' and 'Enrichment-Sustainability'.In research 2, we conducted Web survey for people throughout Japan and 651 respondents answered. Unlike research 1, they were asked to distribute 100 points depending on the degree how much they emphasizes on in their community. As a result of cluster analysis based on the points residents distributed, it revealed that the community values were classified into 5 clusters :'Convenience', 'Regional Problems', 'Emotionality', 'Safety Net', and 'Habitability'. And the result of investigating each cluster's effects on resident's attitude and their participation to their community showed'Convenience' and 'Emotionality' were correlated to them. However, the direction of the correlation was different. 'Convenience' was negatively correlated with them, on the other hand 'Emotionality' was positively correlated with them. That was the findings suggested that the resident's tendency to emphasize on convenience showed negative attitude and a decline of participation to their community, while the tendency to emphasize on emotionality showed positive attitude and a promotion of participation to their community. Less