VISUAL MOTION PERCEPTION IN LOW VISION

这项研究计划的长期目标是了解 视力损失与定向力/活动度(O/M)的关系。因为 对环境的时空属性的感知是 对于成功的操作维护来说，研究运动知觉是至关重要的 在视力丧失的人身上。异常的视觉运动知觉 最近在青光眼和视网膜色素变性患者中观察到 (RP)。这可能会对运动的使用产生严重的影响 指导机动性和控制姿势的信息。会议的主要目标是 拟议的研究是为了描述和理解视觉运动 青光眼和视网膜色素变性患者的中央视野加工 为了理解它在操作系统中的作用，运动处理的特征将是 获取运动阈值，调查其对刺激的依赖性 参数，并检查随疾病进展而变化的情况。带通行证- 滤波后的空间噪声将被用来研究 青光眼、RP和视力正常受试者的中心视野。 将通过获取以下阈值来评估运动知觉 位移、方向辨别和航向 分辨率是空间频率、亮度和速度的函数。 O/M性能的特征是获得机动性测量， 例如，完成预定课程的时间和与 障碍、姿势摆动和对关于竞技场的问卷的回答 旅行--生活空间。将评估运动处理在操作维护中的作用 通过将O/M测量值与在同一时间内获得的运动阈值进行比较 主题，并确定措施变化的方式 刺激和疾病参数的作用。为了更好地理解 青光眼和RP运动处理的潜在机制，我们将使用 当前的运动模型用于计算机模拟运动阈值。多项动议 模型具有作为其基本组件的空间采样阵列、空间 过滤器和时间过滤器。这些参数将在 模拟预期结果的模型。此外，在空间和时间上 将测量CSF，并从以下位置估计采样密度 视频曲线。这些参数将在模型中用于 得出与实际数据相比较的结果。如果能更好地理解 运动处理在青光眼和RP中，图像处理算法将 被开发为尝试补偿异常运动处理，并且可以 导致康复增强技术的发展。

The long-term goal of this research program is to understand the relationship between vision loss and orientation/mobility (O/M). Because perception of the spatio-temporal properties of the environment is essential for successful O/M, it is important to study motion perception in people with vision loss. Anomalous visual motion perception has recently been observed in people with glaucoma and retinitis pigmentosa (RP). This could have serious ramifications for the use of motion information to guide mobility and control posture. The main goals of the proposed research are to characterize and understand visual motion processing in the central visual field of people with glaucoma and RP and to understand its role in O/M. Motion processing will be characterized by obtaining motion thresholds, investigating their dependence on stimulus parameters, and examining variation with disease progression. Bandpass- filtered spatial noise will be used to investigate the motion system in the central visual field of subjects with glaucoma, RP, and normal vision. Motion perception will be evaluated by obtaining thresholds of displacement, direction discrimination, and heading-direction discrimination as a function of spatial frequency, luminance, and speed. O/M performance will be characterized by obtaining measures of mobility, e.g. time to complete a predefined course and the number of contacts with obstacles, postural-sway, and responses to a questionnaire about arena of travel--life space. The role of motion processing in O/M will be assessed by comparing measures of O/M with motion thresholds obtained in the same subjects and determining the manner in which the measures vary as a function of stimulus and disease parameters. To better understand the mechanisms underlying motion processing in glaucoma and RP, we will use current motion models to computer simulate motion thresholds. Many motion models have as their basic components a spatial sampling array, spatial filters, and temporal filters. These parameters will be manipulated in the models to simulate expected outcomes. In addition, spatial and temporal CSFs will be measured, and sampling density will be estimated from frequency-of-seeing curves. These parameters will be used in the models to derive outcomes to compare to actual data. Given a better understanding of motion processing in glaucoma and RP, image-processing algorithms will be developed to attempt to compensate for anomalous motion processing and may lead to development of enhancement techniques for rehabilitation.