ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL, BETA-CAROTENE LUNG CANCER PREVENTION STUDY

目标：该项目的主要目标是 研究补充维生素E或维生素E 或b-胡萝卜素可降低肺癌和其他癌症的发病率。 与癌症预防、病因学、 早期检测也在测试中。 背景：大量研究表明，在小学阶段 某些微量营养素的癌症预防，包括 维生素E，特别是b-胡萝卜素，基于 抗氧化剂和其他抗肿瘤特性。 方法：ATBC研究是一项随机、 安慰剂对照、双盲、2x2因子 日常补充干预试验(5-8年) 含b-胡萝卜素(20毫克)和/或维生素E(50毫克 Dl-a-生育酚醋酸酯)。29,133名参与者是 西南部50-69岁男性吸烟者 芬兰。血清、脚趾甲和调查问卷数据 在基线上收集和存储，以及血清、全血 和RBC在后续行动中。肺癌和其他癌症 通过芬兰癌症登记处确认，与 中央病历和病理回顾。 进展：积极干预于1993年结束，以及 对该队列的审判后被动后续行动仍在继续。 试验结果显示，在 维生素E组用于前列腺癌(34%)和大肠(16%) 癌症。相反，b-胡萝卜素没有显示出癌症。 预防效果，并导致癌症增加 年肺癌发病率(18%)和总死亡率 这项针对中老年吸烟者的研究。这个 β-胡萝卜素和β-胡萝卜素之间可能的生物相互作用 酒精摄入，以及其他器官特有的 干预分析与干预后检查 目前正在研究群体发病趋势。现代病因学 分析表明，患结肠癌的风险直接 与酒精摄入量相关，与饮食负相关 叶酸，较高的血清维生素D水平与 降低直肠癌风险，饮食和血清都是如此 B-胡萝卜素和维生素E水平呈负相关 有患肺癌的风险。前列腺特异性抗原，类固醇激素， 饮食因素也与前列腺癌有关 作为遗传标记的几种评价在不同的 癌症网站正在进行中。

Objective: The main objective of this project is to investigate whether supplementation with either vitamin E or b-carotene reduces incidence of lung and other cancers. Several hypotheses related to cancer prevention, etiology, and early detection are also being tested. Background: Abundant research indicated a role in primary cancer prevention for certain micronutrients, including vitamin E and, in particular, b-carotene, based on antioxidant and other antineoplastic properties. Methods: The ATBC Study is a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, 2x2 factorial intervention trial of daily supplementation (for 5-8 years) with b-carotene (20 mg) and/or vitamin E (50 mg dl-a-tocopheryl acetate). The 29,133 participants were 50-69 year old male cigarette smokers in southwestern Finland. Serum, toenails, and questionnaire data were collected and stored at baseline, and serum, whole blood and RBC's during followup. Lung and other cancers are identified through the Finnish Cancer Registry, with central medical record and pathology reviews. Progress: Active intervention concluded in 1993, and post-trial passive followup of the cohort continues. Results of the trial showed reduced incidence in the vitamin E group for prostate (34%) and large bowel (16%) cancers. In contrast, b-carotene demonstrated no cancer preventive effects and resulted in increased cancer incidence (18% for lung cancer) and overall mortality in this study of older middle-age cigarette smokers. The possible biological interaction between b-carotene and alcohol ingestion, along with other organ-specific intervention analyses and examination of post-intervention group incidence trends are being studied. Recent etiologic analyses have shown that colon cancer risk is directly related to alcohol intake and inversely related to dietary folate, higher serum vitamin D levels are associated with reduced risk of rectal cancer, and both dietary and serum b-carotene and vitamin E levels are inversely associated with lung cancer risk. Analyses of PSA, steroid hormones, and dietary factors in relation to prostate cancer as well as several evaluations of genetic markers at different cancer sites are underway.