U S-FINLAND STUDIES OF NUTRITION AND CANCER

美国-芬兰营养与癌症研究

• 批准号: 4692235
• 负责人: D ALBANES
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: DIVISION OF CANCER PREVENTION AND CONTROL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/4692235
• 关键词: Scandinavian country; United States; breast neoplasms; bronchogenic carcinoma; cancer prevention; cancer risk; carcinogenesis inhibitor; carotene; dietary constituent; dietary lipid; dietary supplements; health surveys; human subject; human therapy evaluation; neoplasm /cancer nutrition therapy; nutrient bioavailability; nutrition aspect of cancer; nutrition related neoplasm /cancer; nutrition related tag; psychophysiology; retinoids; selenium; tocopherols; vitamin therapy

The important relationship of diet and nutrition in the development of cancer has become well known through various research efforts. Laboratory studies have shown cancer inhibitory function for various natural and synthetic nutrients in various models, which have been corroborated by human epidemiologic studies of nutrient intake, tissue levels, and cancer incidence. Vitamin A, beta-carotene, and selenium have been strongly implicated for their cancer preventive potential, with sufficient evidence for these substances to warrant their use in prevention trials. In addition, the roles of other nutrients in cancer cause and prevention (e.g., dietary fats and fiber) required further investigation. The objectives of this cooperative project with the government of Finland are: (1) to determine if either beta-carotene or alpha-tocopherol supplement is effective in preventing lung cancer in smokers, (2) to better assess the role of fats, selenium, and vitamins A, E, and C, in breast cancer developement; and (3) to evaluate the relation of intake of various nutrients to subsequent cancer. The project includes three studies. The first is a 5-year, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2x2 factorial prevention trial of daily beta-carotene (20 mg daily) and alpha-tocopherol (50 mg daily) among smokers at high risk for lung cancer. The difference in lung cancer incidence intervention groups will be determined. The second is a breast cancer case-control study of fats, total calories, selenium, and vitamins A, E, and C. The role of various anthropometric measurements as well as genetic markers for breast cancer will be explored. The third project will be a comparison of nutrient intakes in cases and reference subjects identified from an existing large cohort with prediagnostic baseline dietary histories. Associations between various dietary components and several cancers will be assessed. Several pilot studies have been completed to date, and the prevention trial and breast cancer study are underway.

饮食与营养在猪生长发育中的重要关系 通过各种研究工作，癌症已变得众所周知。 实验室 研究表明，各种天然和 各种模型中的合成营养素，这已经得到证实， 营养摄入、组织水平和癌症的人类流行病学研究 发病率。 维生素A、β-胡萝卜素和硒一直是 有足够的证据表明它们具有预防癌症的潜力， 这些物质可以保证在预防试验中使用。 在 此外，其他营养素在癌症发生和预防中的作用 (e.g.,膳食脂肪和纤维）需要进一步研究。 与芬兰政府合作项目的目标是 （1）确定β-胡萝卜素或α-生育酚 补充剂有效预防吸烟者的肺癌，（2）更好地 评估脂肪、硒和维生素A、E和C在乳腺癌中的作用。 癌症发展;（3）评估各种摄入量之间的关系 营养素对后续癌症的影响 该项目包括三项研究。 的 第一个是5年、随机、双盲、安慰剂对照、2x2 每日β-胡萝卜素（每日20毫克）的析因预防试验， α-生育酚（每日50毫克）在肺癌高危吸烟者中的应用。 干预组肺癌发病率的差异将是 测定 第二个是关于脂肪的乳腺癌病例对照研究， 总热量、硒和维生素A、E和C。 各种作用 人体测量以及乳腺癌的遗传标记 将被探索。 第三个项目将是比较营养素 从现有的大量案例和参考主题中确定的案例和参考主题 具有诊断前基线饮食史的队列。 之间的关联 将评估各种饮食成分和几种癌症。 几 迄今为止，试点研究已经完成，预防试验和 乳腺癌研究正在进行中。