DEVELOPMENTAL CONTINUITY OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN REACTIVITY IN MONKEYS

该项目通过以下方式研究灵长类动物的生物行为发展 恒河猴和卷尾猴的纵向比较研究， 特别强调对不同的个人模式的特点 对环境新奇性的行为和生理反应， 的长期发展后果的问题 不同遗传背景的个体在不同的物理环境中长大， 和社会环境。 1996财政年度进行的研究（a） 并扩展了先前关于早期经验对 恒河猴糖皮质激素释放昼夜节律的形成 猴婴儿;（B）证明了代理同伴养育的有效性 发展物种规范行为模式的程序 保育园饲养的恒河猴幼猴和幼猴的生理学;（c） 成功的杂交培育的恒河猴幼崽， 极高或极低的5-HIAA CSF水平（原发性中枢神经系统） 5-羟色胺代谢物），以寄养母亲的不同行为和 长期纵向研究的生理倾向;（d） 证明了血清素代谢与 群居恒河猴的睡眠频率和睡眠-觉醒模式 （e）记录的系统性季节变化， 自由放养恒河猴青少年和成年期5-羟色胺代谢 男性;（f）心率和心率变异性的特征性变化 与侵略性交流后的和解行为有关 在成年雌性恒河猴中;和（g） 婴儿和青少年短暂分离肾上腺皮质反应 僧帽猴，并证明了预测之间的关系 皮质醇反应的幅度和随后的物体倾向 操纵和原始工具使用行为。

This project investigates primate biobehavioral development through comparative longitudinal studies of rhesus and capuchin monkeys, with special emphasis on characterizing individual patterns of differential behavioral and physiological responses to environmental novelty and challenge and on determining long-term developmental consequences for individuals of different genetic backgrounds reared in different physical and social environments. Research carried out during FY96 (a) replicated and extended previous findings regarding early experience effects on the development of circadian rhythmicity in glucocorticoid release in rhesus monkey infants; (b) demonstrated the efficacy of surrogate-peer rearing procedures for the development of species-normative patterns of behavior and physiology in nursery-reared rhesus monkey infants and juveniles; (c) successfully cross-fostered rhesus monkey infants selectively bred for extreme (either high or low) CSF levels of 5-HIAA (the primary central serotonin metabolite) to foster mothers of differing behavioral and physiological propensities for long-term longitudinal study; (d) demonstrated a significant relationship between serotonin metabolism rates and sleep-wakefulness patterns in group-living rhesus monkey juveniles and adults; (e) documented systematic seasonal variation in serotonin metabolism in free-ranging rhesus monkey adolescent and adult males; (f) characterized changes in heartrate and heartrate variability associated with reconciliation behavior following aggressive exchanges in rhesus monkey adult females; and (g) characterized patterns of adrenocortical response to brief separation in infant and juvenile capuchin monkeys and demonstrated a predictive relationship between magnitude of cortisol response and subsequent propensity for object manipulation and proto-tool use behavior in this primate species.