ADAPTATION OF LABORATORY REARED MONKEYS TO FIELD ENVIRONMENTS

这个项目调查了恒河猴和其他非人类灵长类动物如何 在不同实验室条件下出生和长大的物种适应 放置在包含特定物理和社交的环境中 猴子的自然栖息地的特征。适应性通过以下方式进行评估 检查行为指令表并通过监控各种 这些受试者的生理系统，产生了广泛的指数 相对的身体和心理健康。中国政府的回应 受试者对他们所选择的特征进行实验操作 各自的环境也以类似的方式进行评估。什么时候都行, 收集可能的现场数据以进行适当的比较。一个 另一个重点是调查认知、行为和 适应新环境或环境所涉及的社会过程。 卷尾猴被用于许多这样的研究，因为它们是 在猴子的制造和使用倾向上是独一无二的 用于修改其物理环境的工具。 在96财年(A)有记录的物种规范时期进行的研究， 性别、主导性和季节性对行为曲目和 恒河猴的肾上腺皮质反应性维持在 LCE在一个新避难所完工后占地5英亩的室外围栏 设施；(B)确定发育稳定的个体差异 在行为、心理生理和肾上腺皮质反应中 野生猕猴幼年和幼年的环境挑战 青少年；(C)显示出心率之间的显著关系 和肾上腺皮质反应性和母体的特定方面 野生雌性恒河猴的行为；(D)发育 基于计算机的测试俘虏记忆能力的程序 恒河猴；(E)具有发育、姿势和 卷尾猴惯用手的特定任务相关性；和(F) 扩大了圈养动物复杂工具使用行为的已知范围 卷尾猴，并记录了共享食物和工具 在隔壁围栏里的小社交团体之间。

This project investigates how rhesus monkeys and other nonhuman primate species born and raised under different laboratory conditions adapt to placement into environments that contain specific physical and social features of the monkeys' natural habitat. Adaptation is assessed by examining behavioral repertoires and by monitoring a variety of physiological systems in these subjects, yielding broad-based indices of relative physical and psychological well-being. The responses of subjects to experimental manipulations of selected features of their respective environments are also assessed in similar fashion. Whenever, possible field data are collected for appropriate comparisons. An additional focus is on investigating the cognitive, behavioral, and social processes involved in adaptation to new settings or circumstances. Capuchin monkeys are employed in many of these studies because they are unique among monkey species in their propensity to manufacture and use tools to modify their physical environment. Research carried out during FY96 (a) documented species-normative age, gender, dominance, and seasonal influences on behavioral repertoires and adrenocortical responsiveness among the rhesus monkeys maintained in the LCE's 5-acre outdoor enclosure following completion of a new shelter facility; (b) identified developmentally stable individual differences in behavioral, psychophysiological, and adrenocortical reactions to environmental challenges in wild-living rhesus monkey infants and juveniles; (c) demonstrated significant relationships between heartrate and adrenocortical responsiveness and specific aspects of maternal behavior in wild-living rhesus monkey females; (d) developed computer-based procedures for testing memory capabilities of captive rhesus monkeys; (e) characterized developmental, postural, and task-specific correlates of handedness in capuchin monkeys; and (f) expanded the known range of complex tool-using behaviors in captive capuchin monkeys and documented the sharing of both food and tools between small social groups housed in adjacent pens.