Scribal culture in Italy, 1450-1650

在过去的一代人中，一场革命改变了我们对早期现代文化传播的理解。它始于研究印刷书籍历史的新方法的发展，但现在已经超越了新闻界，展示了手稿在所谓的“古腾堡时代”的持续重要性。意大利的研究在这一研究中发挥了主导作用。然而，尽管我们对抄写文化的各个方面进行了很好的研究，但我们并不认为所有这些都是一个更大现象的一部分。相比之下，我们的项目有三个相互关联的目标。1)理解和分析专业和业余的抄写活动——不同社会阶层手写文本的生产、分发、接收和使用——作为一种可以被称为抄写文化的现象的一部分，并阐明其与印刷和口头文化的关系。2)通过促进对文本文化的物质本质的反思，重新创造一种写作和阅读手稿的体验感。3)寻找诗歌、论文、通讯等不同文献创作之间的联系与连续性。该项目汇集了来自不同学科（包括文学史、文化史和目录学）的国际学者，以及图书馆员、古文字学家和策展人。另一个目标是促进英国和意大利学术界之间的对话与合作。该项目由六个讲习班组成，涵盖广泛的领域：1)手稿的材料制作及其国内或公共环境；2)诗歌、戏剧和音乐；3)科学、医学和哲学；4)手稿的社会影响和传播；5)稿件与印刷品的关系；6)手稿在线编目。所有的工作坊都是为学者、图书馆员、策展人和对文艺复兴文化感兴趣的研究生准备的。我们还打算展示手稿或手工艺品的实际例子。出于这个原因，每个研讨会都有学者和图书管理员/馆长参加，并在收藏或图书馆举行。这些研讨会将通过网站进行协调、宣传和全面描述。计划在《意大利研究》杂志上发表基于选定论文的文章。该项目将作为一个更大项目的跳板，其目标包括：组织一次国际会议；发表一篇或多篇基于会议论文的论文；开发研究意大利手稿的在线资源；大英图书馆对政治手稿的编目为了帮助我们计划实现这些目标，我们在研讨会中包括了两个研究中心的演讲，这两个研究中心目前都由AHRC资助，用于研究英语手稿：编辑生活和信件中心（伦敦大学玛丽女王学院）和Scriptorium：中世纪和早期现代手稿在线（剑桥大学）。我们包括一个BL目录的范围界定项目；结果将在研讨会6上公布。讲习班将在四个城市的六个中心举行。它们将由博物馆和图书馆主办，以便部分集中于探索与手稿生产或流通有关的物证，从作者到秘书复制的文件以及写作工具。工作坊1：物质文化和手稿的生产维多利亚和阿尔伯特博物馆，伦敦工作坊2：诗歌，戏剧和音乐，剑桥大学三一学院雷恩图书馆工作坊3：科学，医学和哲学，伦敦惠康图书馆工作坊4：手稿的影响和传播，牛津大学博德利图书馆，书籍研究中心工作坊5：手稿和印刷，曼彻斯特约翰·莱兰兹大学图书馆工作坊6：政治和其他手稿编目大英图书馆，伦敦。

Over the last generation, a revolution has changed our understanding of the transmission of culture in the early modern period. It began with the development of new approaches to the history of the printed book, but has now moved beyond the press to show the continued importance of manuscripts well into the so-called 'Age of Gutenberg'. Italian studies have played a leading part in this research.Yet, while we have fine studies of individual aspects of scribal culture, there is no sense that all were part of a larger phenomenon. By contrast, our project has three interconnecting aims. 1) To understand and analyse professional and amateur scribal activities - the production, distribution, reception and uses of handwritten texts at different social levels - as part of a phenomenon that can be termed scribal culture, and to shed light on its relationship to print and oral culture. 2) To recreate a sense of the experiences of writing and reading manuscripts, by fostering reflection on the material nature of textual culture. 3) To seek the contacts and continuities between the production of such different documents as poetry, treatises and newsletters.This project brings together international scholars from different disciplines (including literary history, cultural history and bibliography) together with librarians, palaeographers and curators. Another objective is to stimulate dialogue and collaboration between British and Italian scholarship.The project consists of six workshops covering a wide range of fields: 1) the material production of manuscripts and its domestic or public settings; 2) poetry, theatre and music; 3) science, medicine and philosophy; 4) the social impact and diffusion of manuscripts; 5) the relationship between manuscript and print; 6) the online cataloguing of manuscripts. All workshops are intended for academics, librarians, curators and postgraduates with interests in Renaissance culture in a broad sense.We also intend to display practical examples of manuscripts or artefacts. For this reason, each workshop includes academics and librarians/curators and is staged in a collection or library. The workshops will be co-ordinated, advertised and fully described through a website. It is planned to publish articles based on selected papers in the journal Italian Studies.The project will act as the springboard for a larger project whose aims include: the organization of an international conference; one or more publications of essays based on conference papers; the development of an online resource for the study of Italian manuscripts; the cataloguing of political manuscripts in the British Library. To help us to plan for these objectives, we have included in the workshops presentations from two research centres, both currently funded by the AHRC for the study of English manuscripts: the Centre for Editing Lives and Letters (Queen Mary, University of London), and Scriptorium: Medieval and Early Modern Manuscripts Online (University of Cambridge). We include a scoping project for the BL catalogue; results are to be presented at workshop 6.The workshops will be held in six centres in four cities. They will be hosted by museums and libraries so that they are partly focused around the exploration of material evidence relating to the production or circulation of manuscripts, ranging from authorial to secretarially reproduced documents and to instruments for writing.Workshop 1: Material culture and the production of manuscriptsVictoria & Albert Museum, LondonWorkshop 2: Poetry, theatre and musicWren Library, Trinity College, CambridgeWorkshop 3: Science, medicine and philosophyWellcome Library, LondonWorkshop 4: The impact and diffusion of manuscriptsCentre for the Study of the Book, Bodleian Library, OxfordWorkshop 5: Manuscript and printJohn Rylands University Library, Manchester Workshop 6: Cataloguing political and other manuscripts British Library, London.