The Currency of Cultural Exchange: re-thinking models of indigenous development

这一研究项目提出了探索、阐明和促进当代巴西土著人民与非土著社会之间文化交流的新方法，以此作为更公平的经济和社会发展的手段。该提案是针对上辛古Kuikuro土著协会的一项倡议而制定的，该倡议旨在为巴西上辛古地区Ipatse的Kuikuro村的非土著艺术家和学者设立一个定期居住方案。巴西和英国的合作伙伴（学术和非学术）网络将支持一个试点方案，使AIKAX能够建立良好做法，衡量影响，并展示文化交流如何以不破坏文化和语言的方式刺激经济发展和福利，这些文化和语言在历史上维持了一种与它们所保护的土地密切相关的生活方式。通过建立一个由辛古部落之一发起的跨文化交流的受控实验，研究力求在土著文化与巴西更广泛的文化产业之间建立新的联系，承认这是发展议程的一个重要特征。这项合作将为一项土著倡议带来关于艺术和文化活动的经济和福利影响的专门知识，以扩大对如何将文化互动、创造性创新和协作性文化生产视为对社区和个人福祉至关重要的概念和衡量的理解。本研究的基础是Kuikuro人在保护、分享、解释、代表、使用和交流自己文化方面的主导作用。AIKAX成立于2002年，旨在保护和展示Kuikuro文化遗产，并一直积极参与确定尊重个人权利的道德表现形式的制作和展示，并将其村庄维持为有凝聚力的社区。这项研究将力求促进土著社会的专业实践发展，这些社会参与的倡议提出跨文化交流是有社会意义的发展的一种手段。AIKAX的建议旨在使土著艺术家和思想家成为知识交流新进程的主角，充分认识到他们的经验和专门知识在巴西自己寻求更有效的方式来理解文化如何促进社会福利方面具有重要价值。通过创建一个模式，使Kuikuro成为交换过程中的代理人，而不是外部影响的被动消费者或文化入侵的受害者，研究试图发现和促进新的学习，这将加强能力，并确定土著人民可以成为巴西（和其他地区）创意产业的主角的条件，抵制“生产系统的掠夺性质”。这项研究将承认历史文化形式的合法性，但也允许土著艺术家和工匠在当代交流中发展自主做法，保持和发展文化生产，优先保护人类和自然环境，维持个人的生活和社区的福利。

This research project proposes new ways to explore, articulate and stimulate cultural exchange between contemporary Brazilian indigenous peoples and non-indigenous societies as a means of more equitable economic and social development. The proposal has been devised in response to an initiative by the Kuikuro Indigenous Association of the Upper Xingu (AIKAX) to create a regular programme of residencies for non-indigenous artists and scholars within the Kuikuro village of Ipatse in the Upper Xingu region of Brazil. A network of Brazilian and British partners (academic and non-academic) will support a pilot programme enabling AIKAX to establish good practices, measure impact and demonstrate the ways in which culture exchange can stimulate economic development and welfare in ways that are not destructive to the culture and languages that have historically sustained a way of life intensely related to the land which they preserve and by which they are preserved. By establishing a controlled experiment in cross-cultural exchange that is initiated by one of the tribes of the Xingu, the research seeks to forge new connections between indigenous culture and the broader cultural industries in Brazil in the acknowledgement that this is an important feature of a development agenda. The collaboration will bring expertise on the economic and welfare impacts of arts and cultural activity to an indigenous initiative in order to extend understanding of how cultural interaction, creative innovation and collaborative cultural production can be conceived and measured as essential to the wellbeing of communities and individuals. The protagonism of the Kuikuro in the conservation, sharing, interpretation, representation, use and exchange of their own culture is the baseline for this research. AIKAX was formed in 2002 to preserve and present the Kuikuro cultural heritage and has been an active agent in determining the production and display of ethical representations which respect the rights of individuals as well as sustain their villages as cohesive communities. The research will seek to contribute to the development of professional practice by indigenous societies that engage in initiatives that propose cross-cultural exchange as a means of socially purposeful development. The AIKAX proposal seeks to make indigenous artists and thinkers protagonists in a new process of knowledge-exchange, fully aware that their experience and expertise have significant value within Brazil's own search for more effective ways to understand how culture contributes to social welfare. By creating a model that enables the Kuikuro to be agents in the process of exchange rather than passive consumers of external influences or victims of cultural invasions, the research seeks to discover and promote new learning that will strengthen capacity and define the terms on which indigenous peoples can become protagonists in the creative industries in Brazil (and beyond) in ways that resist the 'predatory nature of the productive system'. The research will recognize the legitimacy of historic cultural forms but also allow indigenous artists and artisans to develop autonomous practices in contemporary exchanges, maintaining and developing cultural production that prioritizes the preservation of the human and natural environment that maintains the lives of individuals and the welfare of the community.