RESTRAINT & ATTRIBUTIONS: RISK FACTORS IN ALCOHOL ABUSE

该提案寻求额外3年的支持，以继续研究 对控制酒精的认知关注的作用 消耗（即，饮酒限制）在酒精滥用的病因学。 基于我们之前对饮酒的调查和实验室研究 限制和禁欲/限制违反效应（AVE/LVE），我们建议 一项自然主义的实地研究， 以及酒精使用的后果。 在主要研究（研究2）中，重度饮酒者将被随机分配到 两种情况之一;自我发起的努力（SIEC）或自我监测 控制（SMCC）。 SIEC中的受试者将尝试达到50% 减少他们的酒精摄入量，并保持这种减少， 12个月的随访。 将鼓励它们对以下方面设定明确的限制： 他们的酒精摄入量，并使用行为策略，以保持他们的 饮酒限制 未能保持限制将提供一个背景， 对于AVE/LVE及其拟定后遗症的发生， 喝酒 员工和管理当局协调委员会将说明 酗酒者的饮酒行为，他们没有明确地试图 限制和/或减少酒精摄入量。 两组都将参加 在8周内自我监测饮酒行为及相关现象 以及3个为期2周的随访期，计划在3、6和 一年 所有的自我监控都将在一个小型的，手持的， 饮酒伴侣（DC） 我们将计算机化自我监测引入酒精研究 提供了令人兴奋的可能性，但也提出了有关 这种新方法的有效性。 在主要研究之前，我们将 进行第一项研究，探讨以下问题： DC上自我报告的附带验证; 2） 在酒精“影响下”进行计算机化自我监测;以及， 3)在社交场合饮酒时使用DC的动机。 这 这项研究还将为微调自我监测提供基础 研究2的程序。 拟议中的研究计划扩展了我们原来的计划。 概念化，并提供了一个自然的测试预测得出 从AVE/LVE。 因此，它将有助于了解 酒精滥用的病因学及其预防和 治疗

This proposal seeks an additional 3 years of support to continue research on the role of cognitive preoccupation with controlling alcohol consumption (i.e., drinking restraint) in the etiology of alcohol abuse. Building on our previous survey and laboratory research on drinking restraint and the abstinence/limit violation effect (AVE/LVE), we propose a naturalistic, field study in which cognitive and affective precipitants and consequences of alcohol use will be examined. In the main study (Study 2), heavy drinkers will be randomly assigned to one of two conditions; self-initiated effort (SIEC) or self-monitoring control (SMCC). Subjects in the SIEC will attempt to reach a 50% reduction in their alcohol intake and to maintain this reduction through a 12-month follow-up. They will be encouraged to set explicit limits on their alcohol intake and to use behavioral strategies to maintain their drinking limits. The failure to maintain limits will provide a context for the occurrence of the AVE/LVE and its proposed sequelae, excessive drinking. The SMCC will illustrate the natural variations in the drinking behavior of heavy drinkers who are not explicitly attempting to limit and/or reduce their alcohol intake. Both groups will participate in 8 weeks of self-monitoring of drinking behavior and related phenomena as well as three, 2-week follow-up periods scheduled at 3-, 6-, and 12-months. All self-monitoring will take place on a small, hand-held, computer (the Drinking Companion; DC). Our introduction of computerized self-monitoring to alcohol research offers exciting possibilities, but also raises issues concerning the validity of this new methodology. Prior to the main study we will conduct Study 1, in which we will examine issues related to: 1) collateral validation of self-reports on the DC; 2) the accuracy of computerized self-monitoring while "under the influence" of alcohol; and, 3) motivation to use the DC while drinking in a social situation. This study also will provide a basis for fine tuning self-monitoring procedures for Study 2. The proposed program of research expands on our original conceptualization and provides a naturalistic test of predictions derived from the AVE/LVE. As such, it will contribute to knowledge of the etiology of alcohol abuse and has implications for its prevention and treatment.