FACCE ERA-NET+: Securing yield stability of Brassica crops in changing climate conditions

随着预计的气候变化，极端和多变的气候条件预计将在世界范围内变得更加频繁。欧洲农业正面临着使作物生产力适应气候变化的关键挑战，需要开发对气候变化引发的非生物胁迫因素具有更强适应力的作物。作物产量稳定性取决于关键发育和生长过程对胁迫条件的反应。开花时间延迟或加速、根系结构和生长的改变以及结荚中断是作物暴露于与气候变化相关的高温或干旱条件下的常见反应。SYBRACLIM将评估这些环境因素对直接影响欧洲优质油料作物油菜产量的发育和生理过程的影响。我们还将阐明不同油菜品种对温度和干旱胁迫耐受性的遗传和分子基础。SYBRACLIM联盟是多学科的，包括商业育种公司和领先的研究小组，具有高度的互补性，涵盖了芸苔属作物的遗传学，基因组学，生理学，育种和农艺学领域，沿着气候变化下的作物表现建模。Rapidine是世界上最重要的高品质植物油来源之一，用于人类营养和生物燃料，特别是在欧洲，Rapidine也是反刍动物植物蛋白饲料的主要贡献者。SYBRACLIM将采用多学科和创新的方法来表征与开花时间、根系发育和荚果脱落相关的表型变化，以应对温度升高和干旱，并分析油菜品种的生产力（产量、油分和蛋白质含量）。我们还将在受控环境和田间试验中使用基因组学辅助选择耐胁迫性状。性能和所研究的发育过程的变异性之间的关系将使我们能够识别与适应相关的新的遗传性状，并利用它们来设计耐胁迫油菜作物的互补植物育种和生物技术策略。最后，我们将把所有这些环境、表型和生产力数据整合到模型中，以评估油菜品种在不同气候条件下的表现。这些模型将用于模拟预测气候变化情景下油菜籽性状的预期表现。由于育种者需要几十年的时间来开发新品种，这种方法将使预期育种能够早期开发携带必要遗传变异的种质，以科普气候变化。SYBRACLIM将提供工具，使农民能够设计更好的策略，使种植系统适应气候变化，为欧洲芸苔属作物的安全产量做出贡献。

Extreme and variable climate conditions are expected to become more frequent worldwide with projected climate change. European agriculture is facing the crucial challenge of adapting crop productivity to climate change and will need the development of crops with increased resilience to abiotic stress factors triggered by climate change. Crop yield stability is dependent on the response of key developmental and growth processes to stress conditions. Delayed or accelerated flowering time, alteration of root architecture and growth, and disruption of pod-shattering are common responses displayed by crops exposed to high temperature or drought conditions associated to climate change. SYBRACLIM will evaluate the impact of these environmental factors on developmental and physiological processes directly influencing the yield of oilseed rape, Europe's premium oilseed crop. We will also shed light on the genetic and molecular bases of the tolerance of different rapeseed varieties to increasing temperature and drought stress. The SYBRACLIM consortium is multidisciplinary and includes both commercial breeding companies and leading research groups with high complementarities that cover the fields of genetics, genomics, physiology, breeding and agronomy in Brassica crops along with modeling of crop performance under climate change. Rapeseed is one of the world's most important sources of high-quality vegetable oils for human nutrition and biofuels, and particularly in Europe is also a major contributor to vegetable protein diets for ruminant livestock. SYBRACLIM will implement a multidisciplinary and innovative approach to characterize the phenotypic changes related to flowering time, root development and pod shattering in response to increased temperature and drought, and to analyse the productivity (yield, oil and protein content) in rapeseed varieties. We will also use genomics-assisted selection of stress-tolerance traits in controlled environments and field trials. The relationship between performance and variability of the studied developmental processes will allow us to identify new genetic traits associated with adaptation and use them to design stress tolerant rapeseed crops by complementary plant breeding and biotechnology strategies. Finally, we will integrate all these environmental, phenotypic and productivity data in models that will assess the performance of rapeseed varieties across different climate conditions. These models will be applied to simulate expected performance of rapeseed traits under projected climate change scenarios. Because breeders need decades to develop new varieties, this approach will enable anticipatory breeding for early development of germplasm carrying the necessary genetic variation to cope with climatic changes. SYBRACLIM will provide tools to allow the farmers to design better strategies for adapting cropping systems to climate change, contributing to secure yield of Brassica crops in Europe.