FACCE ERA-NET+ Climate Change Adaptability of cropping and Farming systems for Europe (Climate-CAFÉ)

气候-CAFE项目侧重于提高可耕种和牧草作物对气候变化(CC)的“适应能力”。我们将使用跨学科方法评估欧盟南北气候梯度沿线的传统和更新颖的区域适应和缓解战略，并提出适应CC的新耕作系统设计。该评价包括2050年和2100年气专委设想情况下使用不同规模和指标的战略之间的协同作用和权衡。综合现有的实验数据和专家知识(顾问和农民)，将根据联盟国家有代表性的区域种植和耕作制度，为选定的适应试点提出适应措施。这些试点项目将根据多标准的经济和环境分析确定并用于设计和评估适应战略。拟议的适应战略将侧重于通过生态强化改善土壤和水管理，包括新品种、新轮作、替代耕作选择以及纳入豆类和间作作物，以增强土壤-作物系统的缓冲能力，并利用生物经济中新出现的价值链。STICS和DAYCENT模型将用于模拟种植制度层面的情景(地块比例和轮作持续时间)。现有的长期实验，包括Face和Ecotron的特定实验，将用于分析预测的质量，并在必要时改进模型，以适应新的过程(例如，在STICS中引入臭氧效应)。在短期/中期，STICS土壤-作物模型将在Record建模和软件平台上运行，以进行多次模拟，以测试拟议的CC适应措施在不降低环境影响的情况下维持作物生产的潜在效率。此外，DAYCENT土壤模型将用于评估适应措施对土壤固碳和温室气体排放(二氧化碳、N2O和CH4)的长期影响。MODAM和FARM-DESIGN模型将用于评估CC适应措施对农场经济和环境绩效的影响。此外，考虑到农业食物链组织和儿童气候条件的区域限制，农场设计模型将用于在超农场一级评估这些成果。气候-CAFE项目的预期成果是：i)根据农场限制条件概述潜在的CC适应措施；ii)模拟适应措施及其在效率和成本方面的排名；iii)模拟IPCC情景2050和2100与适应措施的相互作用对欧洲农业生产的影响，考虑到代表欧洲南北气候梯度的广泛的欧盟国家。

The Climate-CAFE project focuses on increasing the "adaptive capacity" of arable and forage crops to climate change (CC). We will use an interdisciplinary approach to evaluate traditional and more novel regional adaptation and mitigation strategies along a North-South climate gradient in the EU and propose new farming system designs for adaptation to CC. The evaluation includes synergies and trade-offs between strategies using different scales and indicators for IPCC scenarios in 2050 and 2100. Synthesis of existing data from experimentation and expert knowledge (advisors and farmers) will be used to propose adaptation measures for a selection of Adaptation Pilots based on representative regional cropping and farming systems located in consortium countries. These pilots will be defined and used to design and evaluate adaptation strategies based on multicriteria economic and environmental analyses. The proposed adaptation strategies will focus on improved soil and water management via ecological intensification, including new cultivars, novel rotations, alternative tillage options, and the inclusion of legumes and intercrops, to enhance the buffering capacity of the soil-crop system and capitalize on emerging value chains in the bio-economy. The STICS and DAYCENT models will be used to simulate scenarios at the cropping system level (plot scale and rotationduration). Existing long-term experiments, including FACE and Ecotron specific experiments will be used for analyzing the quality of predictions and where necessarymodels will be improved to accommodate new processes (e.g. introduction of O3 effects in STICS). Over the short / medium term, the STICS soil-crop model will be run on the RECORD modelling and software platform to make multiple simulations for testing thepotential efficiency of proposed CC adaptation measures for maintaining crop production without degrading environmental impacts. In addition, the DAYCENT soil model will be used to evaluate the long-term impact of adaptation measures on soil carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas emissions (CO2, N2O, and CH4). The Modam and Farm-design models will be used to assess the impact of CC adaptation measures on thefarms' economic and environmental performances. In addition, the Farm-design model will be applied to evaluate these outcomes at the supra-farm level, considering the regional constraints of agri-food chain organization and pedoclimatic conditions. The expected results of the Climate-CAFE project are: i) an overview of potential CC adaptation measures in accordance with farm constraints, ii) simulation of adaptation measures and their ranking in terms of efficiency and costs, iii) simulation of the impact of IPCC scenarios 2050 and 2100 in interaction with adaptation measures on European agriculture production, considering a wide range of EU countries representing a North-South climategradient in Europe.