New catalytic modes for carbon-carbon bond forming reactions

化学是一门充满活力的学科，是许多不同科学进步的中心。有机化学研究各种不同形式的碳的反应性，可以看作是发生在生物体内的化学反应。化学家们一直在寻找设计和构建分子的新方法（合成化学本质上就是分子结构），而这一提议描述了一种简短而有力的新方法，利用一种新的催化系统来制造有价值的分子，这种催化系统独特地与一种不寻常的溶剂结合在一起。该提议的核心分子是环四元碳化合物，这种化合物在有机化学中很少见，而且尚未开发和开发。我们将汇集有机化学、电化学和计算化学的不同学科来发展这一领域，并提供新的应用、洞察力和协同效应。这里提出的新化学将提供一种新的、有效的、强大的方法来制造环状化合物，利用催化来控制所形成产品结构的各个方面：这将对学术界和工业界都有很大的好处，他们将能够以新的方式制造有趣的分子（有些是无法获得的）。鉴于以上所述，我们必须有新颖、有效和强大的方法来制造新化合物，以便我们能够研究和使用它们。此外，新的催化系统和溶剂组合的开发和应用也很重要，因为催化使化学反应进行得更快，更清洁，浪费更少：这显然对工业和环境都是一件好事。这个建议的真正优点是结合了三个不同的学科来研究和理解一个有价值的化学问题。

Chemistry is a dynamic subject that is at the centre of many different scientific advances. Organic chemistry is concerned with the reactivity of carbon in all its different forms and can be viewed as the chemistry taking place within living things. Chemists are constantly looking for new ways of designing and building molecules (synthetic chemistry is essentially molecular architecture) and this proposal describes a short and powerful new way of making valuable molecules using a new catalytic system that works, uniquely, in combination with an unusual solvent. The molecules at the heart of the proposal are cyclic four-membered carbon containing compounds which are rare in organic chemistry and are underdeveloped and underexplored. We will bring together the different disciplines of organic chemistry, electrochemistry and computational chemistry to develop this area and to provide new applications, insight and synergies.The novel chemistry proposed here will provide a new, efficient and powerful way of making cyclic compounds using catalysis to control all aspects of the structures of the products formed: this will be of great benefit to both academia and industry who will be able to make interesting molecules (some that were otherwise inaccessible) in new ways. Given all of the above, it is imperative that we have novel, efficient and powerful methods for making new compounds so that we can study and use them. In addition, the development and application of new catalytic systems and solvent combinations is also important because catalysis makes chemical reactions run faster, and become cleaner with less waste: this is clearly a good thing for industry and also for the environment. The real advantage of this proposal is the combination of three different disciplines to study and understand a worthwhile chemical problem.