Atomic imaging of dynamic behaviour at solid-liquid interfaces

问题陈述：固-液界面的动态过程在广泛的科学和技术领域中具有关键的重要性。然而，目前没有一种技术能够以原子分辨率拍摄固体与液体相互作用的图像。原子敏感性是理解表面缺陷和化学不均匀对复杂扩散路径和吸附/脱附行为的作用所必需的。我们的解决方案：这个项目将开发一个世界领先的2D异质结构原位原子分辨透射电子显微镜平台，为理解固-液界面的动态原子尺度过程提供一个StepChange。聚焦于无机表面，我们将研究表面、吸附物种和近表面离子的行为随温度、外加偏压、纳米限制、表面形态/组成、液体流动和溶液化学的变化。我们从动态现场调查中获得的新知识将用于开发实现可持续能源未来所需的改进材料。我们的两个应用工作包(WPS)专注于新的基本理解，以实现：-合成具有更大稳定性和功能的可扩展多相(电)催化剂(WP1)-设计具有更大功能和抗降解能力的吸附/过滤膜(WP2)。WP1和WP2中雄心勃勃的科学目标只有通过WP3中开创性的新实验能力的并行开发才能实现。

Problem statement: Dynamic processes at solid-liquid interfaces are of key importance across broad areas of science and technology. However, no current technique can image solids interacting with liquids at atomic resolution. Atomic sensitivity is needed to understand the role of surface defects and chemical inhomogeneities on complex diffusion pathways and adsorption/desorption behaviour.Our solution: This project will develop a world-leading 2D heterostructure in situ atomic resolution TEM platform to provide a stepchange in understanding of dynamic atomic scale processes at solid-liquid interfaces. Focussing on inorganic surfaces, we will study changes in the behaviour of the surface, adsorbed species and near surface ions as a function of temperature, applied bias, nanoconfinement, surface morphology/composition, liquid flow and solution chemistry. The new knowledge gained from our dynamic in situ investigations will be used to develop the improved materials needed to achieve a sustainable energy future. Our two application work packages (WPs) focus efforts on new fundamental understanding to enable:- synthesis of scalable heterogenous (electro)catalysts with greater stability and function (WP1)- engineering of adsorption/filtration membranes with greater function and resistance to degradation (WP2).The ambitious science goals in WP1 and WP2 are only achievable by the parallel development of pioneering new experimental capabilities in WP3.