Time-Use Resources for National Statistics (TURNS)

时间使用日记(TUD)调查收集人们在完整的一天中所做的详细的、连续的记录。他们要求受访者列出一整天的每一集，描述主要活动、任何其他同时进行的活动、地点和其他人的存在，以及其他特征，如日记作者是否使用智能手机/电脑。因此，在人群中和一年中的每一天随机选择的日记作者样本，为整个社会如何度过时间提供了具有全国代表性的量化证据。时间利用研究中心(CTUR)在设计、收集和分析这些材料方面具有领先的国际作用。TUD数据提供了关于经济活动、人口生活方式、福利和福祉的重要信息：1.这些数据不仅可以估计有偿工作的程度，还可以估计家庭和社区群体中未包括在国民生产总值(例如国民生产总值)常规衡量标准中的那些无偿和志愿工作的程度。2.许多TUD调查还包括对日记作者如何享受每项活动的衡量，越来越多地被认为是主观幸福感的直接衡量标准，以及关于生活满意度和总体幸福感的调查项目。3.它们提供了关于久坐活动、进餐和零食、体力消耗和睡眠的持续时间和参与率的详细信息；这些行为对身心健康都有重要影响。4.它们提供了关于活动类型和持续时间的综合每日证据，并结合其空间位置和受访者当时与谁在一起，从而能够估计传染病的行为传播风险。5.每项日常活动也有一个“足迹”，即环境对能源需求和环境污染物产生的影响，这意味着具有国家代表性的日记研究是模拟全球环境变化的重要投入。该提案有两个要素，一个是方法性的，一个是实质性的。传统的笔和纸的TUD调查对受访者来说是相对繁重的，他们被要求输入(平均)18到20(但往往更多)不同活动的每日序列的完整细节。在方法方面，对充分利用现代在线和智能手机技术的调查收集方法的发展需要。我们正在提出一项创新的数据收集实验计划，测试采用这些技术的各种调查工具设计的有效性，并将它们与欧洲统计机构组织的协调欧洲时间使用调查中仍使用的传统工具进行比较。我们正在积极与英国国家统计局合作，该办公室正在提供其自己的试点在线时间使用日记调查数据，目的是为新的TUD数据收集计划做出贡献。收集具有全国代表性的TUD为估计新的社会指标提供了一个很有希望的潜力。在经济学家和其他人中，国民生产总值(GNP)被广泛理解为理解人口幸福感的不完整基础，因为例如，幸福感实际上可能会随着GNP的增长而下降，这可能是同时增加有偿或无偿工作时间的结果。我们将把我们收集的数据与其他现有调查一起用于实质性研究方案，重点是发展新的统计指标的“仪表盘”，以补充国民生产总值。这些指标将包括：经济活动水平的指标，包括无偿工作的价值；人口健康风险的衡量(与慢性病和感染性疾病有关)；主观和客观幸福感的衡量；以及日常活动对环境影响的衡量；所有这些都是从相同的TUD信息库估计的。

Time-use diary (TUD) surveys collect detailed, continuous accounts of what people do throughout complete days. They ask respondents to list each successive episode through an entire day, describing the main activity, any other simultaneous activity, location, and presence of other people, as well as other characteristics such as whether the diarist was using a smartphone/computer. Samples of diarists, randomly selected across populations and across the days of the year, therefore provide nationally representative quantitative evidence of how the entire society spends its time. The Centre for Time Use Research (CTUR) has a leading international role in the design, collection and analysis of these materials. TUD data provide crucial information on economic activity, population lifestyles, welfare and wellbeing:1. They allow estimates of the extent not just of paid work but also of those sorts of unpaid and voluntary work, in households and community groups, that are not included in conventional measures of National Product (e.g. GNP). 2. Many TUD surveys also include measures of how diarists enjoy each activity, increasingly recognised as a direct measure of subjective wellbeing, and survey items on life satisfaction and overall happiness. 3. They provide detailed information about durations and rates of participation in sedentary activities, meals and snacking, physical exertion and sleep; behaviours which have important implications for both physical and psychological health. 4. They provide comprehensive daily evidence of the type and duration of activities, combined with their spatial location and who respondents were with at the time, permitting estimation of the behavioural transmission risk of infectious diseases. 5. Each daily activity also has a "footprint" of environmental impact on energy demand and the production of environmental pollutants, meaning that nationally representative diary studies are important inputs to modelling of global environmental change. This proposal has two elements, one methodological and one substantive. Traditional 'pen and paper' TUD surveys are relatively burdensome for respondents, who are required to enter full details of daily sequences of (on average) 18 to 20 (but often more) different activities. On the methodological side, there is a developing need for survey collection methods that take full advantage of modern online and smartphone technologies. We are proposing an innovative experimental programme of data collection, testing the efficacy of various survey instrument designs deploying these technologies, and comparing them with the traditional instruments that are still employed in the Harmonised European Time Use Survey organised by the European Statistical Agency. We are collaborating actively with the UK Office of National Statistics, which is contributing data from its own pilot online time use diary survey, with the aim of contributing to a new programme of TUD data collection. Collecting nationally representative TUDs provides a promising potential for the estimation of new social indicators. Gross National Product (GNP) is widely understood, among economists and others, as an incomplete basis for understanding population wellbeing, since wellbeing might, for example, actually decline as GNP grows, perhaps as a consequence of simultaneously increasing hours of paid or unpaid work. We will use the data we collect, alongside other existing surveys, in a programme of substantive research focusing on the development of a "dashboard" of new statistical indicators to complement GNP. These will include: indicators of levels of economic activity including the value of unpaid work; measures of population health risks (in relation to both chronic and infection disease); measures of subjective and objective wellbeing; and measures of the environmental impact of day-by-day activity; all estimated from the same TUD information base