GENETICS OF PRIMATE BEHAVIOR

本项目研究遗传因素在灵长类动物发声中的作用 发展 这些研究中采用的研究策略包括 具有不同发音特征的杂种后代的发音特征分析 父母，比较全同胞和半同胞与无关 年龄匹配的婴儿，并分析差异性养育对 正常的发声发育。 在1986财政年度，一个研究 种典型隔离调用（IsolationPeep; IP）在杂交的杂种中， 秘鲁哥特式（Peruvian Gothic）和秘鲁罗马式（Peruvian Roman）。 杂交种 研究，直到2岁的生产IP与声学参数， 中间的IP从父母，但其整体结构更 非常类似于罗马的父母。 的比较研究 原猴亚目灵长类（狐猴科）的隔离叫声也被 在成功记录来自 第二个狐猴mongoz婴儿，沿着与代表性样本，从两个 父母 本研究的数据表明，声学参数 区分不同狐猴物种的隔离呼叫存在 在新生儿中并持续到成年。 成人会员 狐猴属与它们分离的后代进行有声对话， 婴儿的隔离呼叫的成人版本。 今年开始的一项研究是 专注于研究灵长类双胞胎的声音特征， 目标是建立一个灵长类动物模型，用于研究共同的声音特征， 双胞胎 五种原猴和两种绒猴 多胞胎发生率很高的国家， 确定其隔离呼叫的种属特异性属性。 的 2只夜行原猴（鼠狐猴，鼠狐猴;侏儒）的幼崽 狐猴（Cheirogaleus medius）在18-20 kHz范围内产生隔离叫声 并且在测试环境中在其活动周期期间更加发声 用长波长光照射。

This project investigates the role of genetic factors in primate vocal development. Research strategies employed in these studies include analysis of vocal traits in hybrid offspring having vocally distinctive parents, comparing the vocal traits of full and half sibs with unrelated age-matched infants, and analysis of the effects of differential rearing on normal vocal development. In FY 86, a long-term project studying the inheritance patterns of the species-typical isolation call (Isolation Peep; IP) in hybrids of crosses involving vocally distinctive sympatric populations (Peruvian Gothic x Peruvian Roman) was completed. Hybrids studied until 2 years of age produce IPs with acoustic parameters that are intermediate to IPs from the parents, but whose overall structure more closely resembles that of the Roman parent. A comparative study of the isolation calls of prosimian primates (family Lemuridae) was also completed, following the successful recording of the isolation calls from a second Lemur mongoz infant, along with representative samples from both parents. The data from this study show that acoustic parameters differentiating the isolation calls of different lemur species are present in the newborn infant and persist into adulthood. Adult members of the genus Lemur engage in vocal dialogues with their separated offspring, using adult versions of the infant's isolation call. A study begun this year is focused on examining the vocal characteristics of primate twins, with the goal of developing a primate model for the study of shared vocal traits in twins. Five species of prosimians and two species of marmosets-- all having a high incidence of multiple births-- were studied, and the species-specific attributes of their isolation calls determined. The infants of 2 nocturnal prosimians (mouse lemur, Microcebus murinus; dwarf lemur, Cheirogaleus medius) produce isolation calls in the 18-20 kHz range and are more vocal during their active cycle in a test environment illuminated with long wave length light.