HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO ORGANOCHLORINE COMPOUNDS

目的：持久性卤化有机污染物(如滴滴涕、多氯联苯[多氯联苯]、二恶英)在公共卫生中引起特别关注，因为它们普遍存在于生态系统中，并可能通过饮食在本底暴露水平上对人类健康造成不利影响。我们正在进行几项关于背景接触有机氯对人类健康影响的研究。成就：我们已经完成了一项关于血清p，p‘-DDE(DDT的代谢物)和多氯联苯水平与洛杉矶非裔美国女性乳腺癌风险的病例对照研究的现场工作。实验室结果已完成(300个病例和300个对照)，正在准备数据以供分析，并将于2000年准备分析。我们的主要项目是调查合作围产期项目参与者在宫内暴露于有机氯残留物对健康的影响，为他们提供了一个标本库(母亲血清)。正在研究的关联是：1)母亲的p，p‘-DDE水平与男性后代患上尿道下裂、隐睾症和多发性硬化症的风险有关；2)母亲的多氯联苯水平与孩子的神经发育结果、听力和智商有关；3)母亲的DDE水平与男性后代青春期的身体习惯有关。2500多名受试者的实验室分析现已完成，正在清理数据以进行分析，分析工作将于2000年开始。在北卡罗来纳州早期有机氯暴露影响的队列研究中，我们还检查了子宫内接触多氯联苯与新生儿甲状旁腺功能的关系。我们与空军健康研究的研究人员合作，检查二恶英暴露对健康的影响，包括糖尿病。我们正在开始研究抗雄激素DDE对墨西哥高暴露人群新生儿出生时人体测量的影响。

Aims: Persistent halogenated organic pollutants (e.g., DDT, PCBs [polychlorinated biphenyls], dioxin) command special attention in public health because they are ubiquitous in the ecosystem and may be causing adverse human health effects at background levels of exposure, via diet. We are conducting several studies of the human health effects of background exposure to organochlorines. Accomplishments: We have completed field work on a case-control study of serum p,p'-DDE (a metabolite of DDT) and PCB levels in relation to risk of breast cancer among African-American women in Los Angeles. Laboratory results are complete (300 cases and 300 controls), and the data are being prepared for analysis and will be ready for analysis in 2000. Our main project is an investigation of health effects of in utero exposure to organochlorine residues among participants in the Collaborative Perinatal Project, for whom a specimen bank (mother's serum) is available. Associations being examined are: 1) mother's p,p'-DDE levels in relation to risk of hypospadias, cryptorchidism, and polythelia in male offspring, 2) mother's PCB level in relation to child's neurodevelopmental outcomes, hearing, and IQ, 3) mother's DDE level in relation to body habitus in adolescence in male offspring. Laboratory analyses are now complete for over 2,500 subjects and the data are being cleaned for analysis, which will begin in 2000. We also examined in utero PCB exposure in relation to neonatal thryoid function in the North Carolina cohort study of effects of early-life organochlorine exposure. We have collaborated with investigators from the Air Force Health Study to examine health effects of dioxin exposure, including diabetes. We are beginning work on a study of the effect of the antiandrogen DDE on anthropometric measures at birth among neonates from a highly exposed population in Mexico.