Computer-Based HIV Prevention for African-American Women

项目概要：虽然美国的总体艾滋病毒感染率保持相对稳定，但白人与其他种族/族裔群体成员之间的比率差距继续扩大。 为非裔美国人量身定制的几种行为预防干预措施已显示出减少性风险行为的功效。然而，成功推广这些方案受到成本、执行困难和留住参与者问题的阻碍。拟议的项目旨在解决这些障碍，以降低艾滋病毒/艾滋病发病率的发展和经验验证的研究为基础的，计算机化的版本的有效的人艾滋病毒方案的非洲裔美国女性，并使这些计算机化的程序提供服务的机构以低成本通过光盘和互联网。具体目标 包括以下步骤：（1）提高服务机构忠实实施有效艾滋病毒干预措施的能力;（2）提高非洲裔美国女性参与有效艾滋病毒干预措施的程度;（3）最终降低非洲裔美国女性的性风险行为和艾滋病毒感染率。在第一阶段，我们将：（a）开发一个基于计算机的SiSTA版本，这是一个针对年轻非洲裔美国妇女的面对面、集体管理的艾滋病毒预防计划，已证明在减少性风险行为方面具有效力;以及（B）通过一项随机对照试验验证基于计算机的SiSTA（“数字化SiSTA”），其中将数字化SiSTA的效果与集体管理的SiSTA（“小组SiSTA”）的效果进行比较。数字化的SiSTA将与SiSTA集团的开发人员合作开发，他们将是项目的共同研究者，并将通过焦点小组和目标人群的试点测试来了解情况。如果第一阶段取得成功，在第二阶段，我们将开发和验证其他有效的非裔美国女性团体计划的计算机版本。相关性：拟议的研究将使非洲裔美国妇女以低成本获得经证明有效的艾滋病毒预防计划，并将促进其具有成本效益的实施。它还将通过允许私下讨论敏感话题（即，与计算机一对一），并根据灵活的时间表。最终，它将有助于减少非洲裔美国女孩和妇女的性冒险行为和艾滋病毒感染率，这些女孩和妇女不成比例地受到艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行病的影响。

PROJECT SUMMARY: While the overall HIV infection rates in the US have been remained relatively constant, disparities in rates between Whites and members of other racial/ethnic groups continue to grow. Several behavioral prevention interventions tailored for African-Americans have shown efficacy in reducing sexual risk behaviors. However, their successful replication has been hampered by cost, implementation difficulties, and participant retention issues. The proposed project seeks to address these barriers to reducing HIV/AIDS rates by developing and empirically validating research-based, computerized versions of efficacious in-person HIV programs for African-American females, and making these computerized programs accessible to service provision agencies at low cost via CD-ROM and the Internet. Specific objectives include: (1) to increase service agencies' ability to implement efficacious HIV interventions with fidelity; (2) to increase African-American females' participation in efficacious HIV interventions; and (3) to ultimately, to reduce sexual risk behaviors and HIV infection rates among African-American females. In Phase I we will: (a) develop a computer-based version of SiSTA, an in-person, group-administered HIV prevention program for young African-American women that has demonstrated efficacy in reducing sexual risk behavior; and (b) validate computer-based SiSTA ("Digitized SiSTA") through a randomized controlled trial in which Digitized SiSTA's effects are compared to those of group-administered SiSTA ("Group SiSTA"). Digitized SiSTA will be developed in collaboration with Group SiSTA's developers, who will be project Co-Investigators, and it will be informed by focus groups and pilot testing with the target population. If Phase I is successful, in Phase II we will develop and validate computer-based versions of other efficacious group programs for African-American females. RELEVANCE: The proposed research will make proven-effective HIV prevention programs for African-American women available to health service organizations at low cost and will facilitate their cost-effective implementation. It will also promote community members' participation in the interventios by permitting sensitive topics to be addressed privately (i.e., one-on-one with the computer) and according to a flexible schedule. Ultimately, it will help to reduce sexual risk-taking behavior and HIV infection rates among African-American girls and women, who are disproportionately affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic.