MALT LIQUOR

该子项目是利用NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为中心机构，不一定为研究者机构。酒精中毒在非裔美国人中产生社会，环境和医疗后果，并带来毁灭性的经济后果。拟议研究的总体目标是确定高酒精含量麦芽饮料与此类饮料对城市非裔美国人消费模式增加的贡献之间的关系，这是一个以前在大多数研究活动中未被充分代表的研究人群。麦芽酒作为酒精中毒或酒精滥用的一个特定因素的重要性尚未在任何人群中进行过显著程度的研究。这项研究解决了3个重要的问题：麦芽酒的消费如何与饮酒，心理社会表型和酒精问题，包括酒精滥用和依赖的发展有关？麦芽酒的消费模式是否与年龄和社会经济地位有关？口服麦芽酒后酒精吸收和/或消除是否存在药代动力学差异？提出了两个具体目标：（1）使用基于人群的研究设计，确定与酒精饮料偏好相关的特定用户特征，包括使用频率和消费水平，经济，心理，行为和环境因素，以及300名城市非洲裔美国男性和女性的ADH基因型，特别强调麦芽酒精偏好与这些因素的关系。广告、烟草使用和灵性等因素对麦芽酒偏好发展的贡献也将被探讨。根据这些数据，将鉴定这些饮料的主动依赖和非依赖使用者的临床表型，和（2）使用交叉研究设计，60名健康的非酒精依赖的非洲裔美国男性和女性，将招募21-25岁的人，以确定和量化急性口服普通啤酒和/或或不同酒精浓度的麦芽酒，使用含有旨在减少受试者变异性的内部对照的口服激发模型。通过提供大量开发良好的受试者招募中心、在类似测试仪器和临床程序管理方面的现有培训/经验、NIH资助的GCRC（有能力支持口服酒精激发研究）的可用性以及NIAAA酒精协作研究中心的行政和科学基础设施，加强了拟定研究的依据。从这些研究中，我们的理解的关键因素影响的偏好麦芽酒将被确定和酒精药代动力学的假设差异的生物学基础将被描述。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Alcoholism produces social, environmental and medical outcomes in African Americans with devastating economic consequences. The overall goal of the proposed research is to determine the relationship between high alcohol content malt beverages and the contibution such beverages make to increased consumption patterns among urban African Americans, a study population previously underrespresented in most research activities. The significance of malt liquor as a contributing specific factor in alcoholism or alcohol abuse has not been studied to a significant degree in any population. This study addresses 3 important questions: How is the consumption of malt liquor associated with the onset of drinking, psychosocial phenotypes and the development of alcohol problems, including alcohol abuse and dependence? Are there differences in malt liquor consumption patterns related to age and socioeconomic status? Are there pharmacokinetic differences in alcohol absorption and/or elimination following oral ingestion of malt liquors? Two specific aims are proposed: (1) Using a population-based study design, identify specific user characteristics related to alcohol beverage preferences including use frequency and consumption levels, economic, psychosocial, behavioral and environmental factors, and ADH genotype among a cohort of 300 urban African American men and women with specific emphasis on the relationship of malt alcoholic preference to these factors. The contribution of factors such as advertising, tobacco use and spirituality in the development of malt liquor preference will also be explored. From this data, a clinical phenotype of an active dependent and nondependent user of these beverages will be identified, and (2) Using a cross-over study design, sixty healthy non-alcohol dependent African American men and women, aged 21-25 will be recruited to determine and quantify biological differences in alcohol pharmacokinetics following the acute oral consumption of regular beer and/or malt liquors of varying alcohol concentrations, using an oral challenge model containing internal controls designed to reduce subject variability. The rationale for the proposed study is strengthened by the availability of numerous well developed subject recruitment sites, and existing training/experience in the administration of similar test instruments and clinical procedures, availability of a NIH-funded GCRC with the ability to support the oral alcohol challenge studies, and the administrative and scientific infrastructure of a NIAAA Collaborative Alcohol Research Center. From these studies, our understanding of the critical factors influencing the preference for malt liquor will be identified and the biological basis for the presumed differences in alcohol pharmacokinetics will be described.