GENES, ENVIRONMENT & TOBACCO USE ACROSS CULTURES

南加州大学_环太平洋跨学科烟草使用研究中心（USC-PR TTURC）将调查烟草和酒精使用预防计划的有效性（1）跨文化，（2）在特定的文化背景下，（3）依赖于个人水平的性格属性变化。USC TTURC之前的项目重点是通过调查美国和中国的多种族和多文化人群来描述文化在烟草使用行为和预防中的作用。研究表明，文化背景和个人倾向对预防准备有潜在的重要调节作用。拟议中的USC-PR TTURC将通过三个项目和四个核心扩展这一研究计划。项目1，物质使用的遗传和社会环境风险，将弥合心理学、社会学和行为遗传学学科，以研究南加州青少年双胞胎中青少年吸烟和饮酒的遗传和社会环境风险以及保护因素。加州和中国青岛。项目2，预防计划中的效果适度和调解，将调查与美国和中国青少年接触循证预防计划后的物质使用结果相关的特定社会，行为和计划特征。这项调查将确定不仅在每个领域的变量的主要影响的存在，但显着的，存在的儿童的个人和社会特征和程序的特点之间的相互作用的影响，在预测的预防结果。项目3，中国青少年的遗传变异和烟草使用，将调查这样一个假设，即负责性格属性的遗传因素，如敌意和抑郁，可能会极大地影响个人的烟草使用进展，并调节烟草控制干预和预防试验的有效性。测量核心将通过研究、开发和验证评估烟草使用及其心理社会相关因素的措施来协助TTURC项目。统计核心将为TTURC项目提供数据管理和统计支持。职业发展核心将提供各种培训机会，以支持下一代跨学科科学家的发展，以促进我们对烟草使用和酒精并发症的复杂社会，文化，生物和环境决定因素的了解。 行政-科学联络核心将为中心的高效和富有成效的运作提供关键的科学和行政领导。这个跨学科的合作！演讲将导致跨文化背景和跨个人对青少年物质使用的病因学有更全面的了解，从而制定更有效的预防方案。

The University of Southern California _ Pacific Rim Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Center (USC-PR TTURC) will investigate the efficacy of tobacco and alcohol use prevention programs (1) across cultures, (2) within specific cultural contexts, and (3) dependent on individual-level variations for dispositional attributes. The previous USC TTURC projects focused on characterizing the role of culture in tobacco use behavior and prevention by investigating multiethnic and multicultural populations within the US and in China. The research indicated that cultural context and individual disposition have potentially important moderator effects on prevention prepares. The proposed USC-PR TTURC will extend this program of research with three projects and four cores. Project 1, Heritable and social-environment risks for substance use, will bridge the disciplines of psychology, sociology, and behavioral genetics to examine the genetic and social-environmental risk and protective factors for adolescent tobacco and alcohol use among adolescent twins in Southern California and Qingdao, China. Project 2, Effect moderation and mediation in prevention programs, will investigate specific social, behavioral, and programmatic characteristics that are associated with substance use outcomes following exposure to evidence-based prevention programs in the U.S. and Chinese youth. This investigation will determine not only the presence of main effects for variables in each domain but, significantly, the presence of interactive effects between children's personal and social characteristics and program characteristics in the prediction of prevention outcomes. Project 3, Genetic Variants and Tobacco Use in Chinese Adolescents, will investigate the hypothesis that genetic factors responsible for dispositional attributes, such as hostility and depression, may substantially influence both an individual's tobacco use progression and moderate the effectiveness of tobacco control intervention and prevention trials. The Measurement Core will assist TTURC projects by researching, developing, and validating measures to assess tobacco use and its psychosocial correlates. The Statistics Core will provide data management and statistical support for TTURC projects. The Career Development Core will provide a variety of training opportunities to support the development of the next generation of transdisciplinary scientists to advance our knowledge of the complex social, cultural, biological, and environmental determinants of tobacco use and alcohol comorbidity. The Administrative _ Scientific Liaison Core will provide the scientific and administrative leadership key to the efficient and productive operation of the Center. This transdisciplinary collab! oration will lead to a more complete understanding of the etiology of adolescent substance use across cultural contexts and across individuals, leading to the development of more effective prevention programs.