Brain Neoplasia and Multiple Quantum Sodium MRI

描述（由申请人提供）： 该项目的主旨是验证单量子和三量子钠MRI作为一种非侵入性的新手段，用于检测与人脑恶性肿瘤发展相关的肿瘤变化。由于肿瘤变化先于血管生成和血脑屏障破坏的发展，因此所提出的技术可以提供用于检测非增强组织的独立成像方法，所述非增强组织否则将发展成恶性肿瘤和/或切除后仍然存活的肿瘤组织。所提出的方法依赖于使用三重和单量子钠MRI检测细胞内钠含量的增加，细胞去极化之前，有丝分裂。由于增加的有丝分裂活性是肿瘤变化的必要条件，肿瘤组织的发展通常伴随着细胞内钠含量的大（400%）变化。这些反过来又导致总组织钠浓度的变化，这些变化在总组织钠浓度图（单量子钠MRI）中清晰可见，但可能是非特异性的。所提出的三重量子钠过滤的使用通过忽略细胞外空间中产生的大部分信号贡献来消除这种约束。三重量子钠NMR技术已用于评估细胞内空间中钠含量的变化多年。这些技术的成像扩展最近已经被我们的实验室引入，并在美国国立卫生研究院的探索性资助下，在拟议的病理学背景下进行了探索。在本申请中，我们建议在特定假设的背景下进一步开发本申请，这些假设得到了上述探索性赠款执行期间所做的几项观察的支持。所有拟议的研究将与匹兹堡大学医学中心的神经肿瘤学和神经外科学部门联合进行，使用匹兹堡癌症研究所提供的未经治疗的脑肿瘤患者库。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The main thrust for this project is the validation of single and triple quantum sodium MRI as a non-invasive novel means for the detection of neoplastic changes associated with the development of malignant tumors in the human brain. Because neoplastic changes precede the development of angiogenesis and blood brain barrier breakdown, the proposed technique could provide with an independent imaging approach for detecting non-enhancing tissue that would otherwise develop into a malignant tumor and/or tumor tissue that remains viable after resection. The proposed approach relies on the use of triple and single quantum sodium MRI for the detection of the increase in the intracellular sodium content that precedes cell depolarization prior to mitosis. As increased mitotic activity is a necessary condition for neoplastic changes, the development of tumor tissue is usually accompanied by large (400%) changes in the intracellular sodium content. These, in turn lead to changes in the total tissue sodium concentration that are clearly visible, but potentially nonspecific, in the total tissue sodium concentration maps (single quantum sodium MRI). The proposed use of triple quantum sodium filtration, removes this constraint by neglecting most of the signal contributions arising in the extra-cellular space. Triple quantum sodium NMR techniques have been used for many years for the assessment of the changes in sodium content in the intracellular space. Imaging extensions of these techniques have been recently introduced by our laboratory and explored in the context of the proposed pathology under the auspices of an exploratory grant from the National Institutes of Health. In this application, we proposed to further the development of this application in the context of specific hypotheses that have been supported by several observations made during the execution of the aforementioned exploratory grant. All the proposed studies will be carried out in conjunction with the Departments of Neurooncology and Neurosurgery at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center using a pool of treatment-naive brain tumor patients available through the Pittsburgh Cancer Institute.