The PARC Education Program for First DUIs: Two-Year Followup of 43,000 Offenders

描述（由申请人提供）：三分之一的司机被判酒后驾车（酒后驾车）将重复犯罪。这些司机对公众和他们自己都构成了极大的风险。大多数初次酒后驾车的罪犯被分配到一个短期的教育方案，作为他们的法院制裁的一部分，或作为恢复执照的要求;然而，由于如此高的累犯率，很明显，这些方案可以改进。虽然传统的程序试图激励罪犯控制他们的饮酒，以避免未来的DUI逮捕，一个新的程序PARC（防止酒精相关的定罪）-介绍了控制驾驶（饮酒事件），而不是控制饮酒（在饮酒事件）的策略。这种减少伤害的方法源于对DUI罪犯未能避免因驾驶受损而被额外逮捕的原因的研究。这些研究人员发现，开车去参加饮酒活动的违法者会开车回家，因为尽管他们有意避免饮酒，但在其他人饮酒的环境中，他们无法控制自己的饮酒。虽然PARC课程包含了关于酒精消费和酒精使用障碍的标准信息，为控制饮酒提供了基础，但PARC课程的中心主题是，将车辆留在家中是防止受损驾驶的最有效方法。佛罗里达州公路安全和机动车辆部提供了一个机会，开始对PARC课程及其相对简单的保护概念进行全州范围的随机临床试验。2004年8月至2006年3月，在NIAAA的SBIR资助下，在佛罗里达，将PARC和传统的初犯课程随机分配给43 000名首次酒后驾车的罪犯。对前10，000名参与者进行的至少一年驾驶暴露的评估显示，PARC课程与累犯减少42%相关。该申请提出了对全部43，000名参与者的记录进行二次分析，现在可以在计划完成后跟踪2至4年，以验证初步研究中显示的好处，并确定哪种类型的罪犯受益最多，哪种受益最少（即，男性，未成年司机，酗酒者，西班牙裔，和其他人），从而提供了关于PARC计划的延续，扩展或修改的关键信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): One-third of drivers convicted of DUI (driving under the influence of alcohol) will repeat the offense. These drivers present a significantly elevated risk to the public and to themselves. The majority of first-time DUI offenders are assigned to a short-term education program as part of their court sanction or as a requirement for license reinstatement; however, with such high recidivism rates, it is evident that these programs can be improved. Whereas traditional programs attempt to motivate offenders to control their drinking in order to avoid a future DUI arrest, a new program-PARC (Preventing Alcohol-Related Convictions)-introduces a strategy of controlling driving (to drinking events) rather than controlling drinking (at drinking events). This harm reduction approach grows out of research on the reasons DUI offenders fail to avoid additional arrests for impaired driving. These researchers found that offenders who drove to a drinking event would drive home impaired because, despite their intention to avoid drinking, they could not control their drinking in environments where others were consuming alcohol. Although the PARC course contains the standard information on alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorders that provide a basis for controlling drinking, the central theme of the PARC curriculum is that leaving one's vehicle at home is the most effective way to prevent driving while impaired. An opportunity to initiate a statewide random clinical trial of the PARC curriculum and its relatively simple protective concept was provided by the State of Florida, Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles. Between August 2004 and March 2006, with SBIR funding from the NIAAA, the PARC and the Traditional first offender curricula were randomly assigned to 43,000 first DUI offenders in Florida. An evaluation of the first 10,000 participants with a minimum of one year of driving exposure showed the PARC curriculum was associated with a 42% reduction in recidivism. This application proposes a secondary analysis of the records of the full 43,000 participants that can now be tracked for 2 to 4 years after program completion to verify the benefits shown in the preliminary study and to determine which type of offender benefits the most and which benefits the least (i.e., males, underage drivers, heavy drinkers, Hispanics, and others), thereby, providing crucial information about the continuation, expansion, or modification of the PARC program.