Neural Mechanisms Underlying MBSR in Socially Phobic Individuals

描述（由申请人提供）：本提案的总体目标是确定与正念减压（MBSR）相关的潜在变化的神经机制。 临床研究表明，正念减压疗法可以减少心理困扰，增加幸福感，但这些变化背后的机制还没有得到很好的描述。基础研究已经研究了情绪和情绪调节的神经基础，但这项研究还没有研究MBSR后的变化。为了整合临床和基础研究文献，我们采用了一个翻译框架， 描述了正念减压对情绪调节的影响，即腹侧情绪生成脑区和背侧情绪调节脑区之间的相互作用。在这个框架内，我们建议比较MBSR和主动控制条件（ACC）的参与者与广义社交恐惧症（SP）的影响。SP将被随机分配到MBSR或ACC，并在MBSR和ACC之前和之后使用自我报告清单和功能磁共振成像（fMRI）进行评估。对于正念减压疗法的参与者，我们预期与干预前相比，干预后即刻和3个月随访时的焦虑显著减少，幸福感显著增加。对于ACC参与者，我们预计从干预前到干预后，焦虑或幸福感不会发生变化。目的2探讨正念减压疗法对注意和认知情绪调节的影响。我们预计 从干预前到干预后，正念减压疗法参与者的注意力调节（正念减压疗法的重点）有所改善，但认知调节（不是正念减压疗法的重点）没有变化，这表现在：（a）负面情绪评分的下降幅度更大，（B）腹侧情绪生成脑区的下降幅度更大，以及（c）与注意力相关的背侧情绪调节脑区的增加幅度更大。我们不期望ACC参与者显示任何形式的变化，从前到后ACC.Aim 3调查是否MBSR相关的变化，在注意力情绪调节介导MBSR治疗反应（减少焦虑和增加幸福感）在治疗后和3个月的随访。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall goal of this proposal is to identify the neural mechanisms underlying changes associated with Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR). Clinical research has shown that MBSR reduces psychological distress and increases well-being, but the mechanisms underlying these changes in not well described. Basic research has examined the neural bases of emotion and emotion regulation, but this research has not examined changes following MBSR. To integrate clinical and basic research literatures, we employ a translational framework that characterizes the impact of MBSR on emotion regulation in terms of interactions between ventral emotion-generative brain regions and dorsal emotion-regulatory brain regions. Within this framework, we propose to compare the effects of MBSR and an active control condition (ACC) in participants with generalized social phobia (SP). SP will be randomly assigned to MBSR or ACC and assessed using self-report inventories and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) before and after MBSR and the ACC. Three aims will be investigated: Aim 1 investigates the effects of MBSR on anxiety and well-being. For the MBSR participants, we expect significant (a) decreases in anxiety, and (b) increases in well-being at immediately post-intervention and at the 3-month follow-up compared to pre-intervention. For the ACC participants, we expect no change in anxiety or well-being from pre- to post-intervention. Aim 2 investigates the effects of MBSR on attentional and cognitive emotion regulation. We expect MBSR participants to show improvements in attentional regulation (the focus of MBSR), but no change in cognitive regulation (not the focus of MBSR) from pre- to post-intervention, as indicated by (a) greater reductions in negative emotion ratings, (b) greater reductions in ventral emotion-generative brain regions, as well as (c) greater increases in attention-related dorsal emotion-regulatory brain regions. We do not expect ACC participants to show changes in either form of regulation from pre- to post-ACC. Aim 3 investigates whether MBSR-related changes in attentional emotion regulation mediate MBSR treatment response (decreases in anxiety and increases in well-being) at post-treatment and at the 3-month follow-up.