Econometric Study of the Impact of Smoking Bans on Consumer Behavior

描述（由申请人提供）：许多州和地方最近颁布或正在考虑禁止在餐馆吸烟，使其成为烟草控制政策最活跃的领域之一。这项拟议中的研究是一项关于餐馆禁烟影响的创新性计量经济学研究。它将新颖地利用大型国家二级数据集来探索有关餐馆禁烟令如何影响餐馆食品消费者的研究不足的问题。它也将是第一个对禁令对餐馆和吸烟行为的影响进行综合研究的机构。综合方法将使研究能够捕捉吸烟者可以调整其行为以应对禁令的多个边缘。为了实现其广泛目标，该项目有两个具体目标。具体目标1是评估餐馆禁烟对消费者去餐馆和吸烟行为的影响。为了实现这一目标，该项目将使用1996 - 2007年西蒙斯全国消费者调查（NCS）的多波数据。NCS的组合波提供了全国范围内约20万成年人样本的消费者行为的详细信息。该项目将使用以下消费者行为的个人水平NCS数据：过去30天内访问特定家庭餐馆的次数和总数;过去30天内访问特定快餐店的次数和总数;外出就餐的时间;当前吸烟者每天吸烟的数量;过去一年的戒烟尝试;以及过去一年的成功戒烟。该项目将估计去餐馆和吸烟的计量经济学简化形式的需求函数。需求函数中的解释变量将包括禁烟令、价格和其他需求转移因素。具体目标2是估计餐馆禁烟对家庭外出就餐支出和家庭吸烟支出的影响。为了实现这一目标，该项目将使用消费者支出调查（CES）的多波数据。1996年至2007年的消费者支出调查将提供约90 000个家庭的全国代表性样本。该项目将使用消费者支出调查的家庭一级数据，包括：外出食品支出和香烟支出。该项目将估计计量经济学简化形式的需求函数，用于离家在外的食物支出和香烟支出。需求函数中的解释变量将包括禁烟令、价格和其他需求转移因素。公共卫生相关性：餐馆禁烟令旨在减少餐馆顾客和员工的二手烟暴露，也可能更普遍地劝阻吸烟。禁烟令对公众健康的影响部分取决于吸烟者和非吸烟者对餐馆食物消费的影响。拟议的项目将对禁令对消费者行为的影响进行综合研究。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Many states and localities have either recently enacted or are considering bans on smoking in restaurants, making this one of the most active areas of tobacco control policy. The proposed research is an innovative econometric study of the impact of restaurant smoking bans. It will make novel use of large national secondary data sets to explore under-studied questions about how restaurant smoking bans affect consumers of restaurant foods. It will also be the first to conduct an integrated study of the bans' impacts on both restaurant-going and smoking behaviors. The integrated approach will allow the study to capture the multiple margins on which smokers can adjust their behaviors in reaction to the bans. To meet its broad goal, the project has two specific aims. Specific Aim 1 is to estimate the impact of restaurant smoking bans on consumers' restaurant-going and smoking behaviors. To meet this aim, the project will use data from multiple waves of the Simmons National Consumer Survey (NCS) from 1996 - 2007. The combined waves of the NCS provide detailed information on the consumer behavior of a nation- wide sample of about 200,000 adults. The project will use individual-level NCS data on the following consumer behaviors: the number of visits during the past 30 days to specific family restaurants and in total; the number of visits during the past 30 days to specific fast food restaurants and in total; time spent eating out; the number of cigarettes smoked per day by current smokers; past-year cessation attempt; and past-year successful cessation. The project will estimate econometric reduced-form demand functions for restaurant-going and smoking. The explanatory variables in the demand functions will include smoking bans, prices, and other demand shifters. Specific Aim 2 is to estimate the impact of restaurant smoking bans on household expenditures for food away from home and on household expenditures for cigarettes. To meet this aim, the project will use data from multiple waves of the Consumer Expenditure Survey (CES). The combined waves of the CES from 1996 - 2007 will provide a nationally representative sample of about 90,000 households. The project will use household-level CES data on: expenditures on food away from home; and expenditures on cigarettes. The project will estimate econometric reduced-form demand functions for expenditures for food away from home and expenditures on cigarettes. The explanatory variables in the demand functions will include smoking bans, prices, and other demand shifters. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Restaurant smoking bans are intended to reduce secondhand smoke exposure for both the customers and employees of restaurants, and they might also discourage smoking more generally. The public health impact of the bans depends partly on their impact on smokers' and nonsmoker's consumption of restaurant food. The proposed project will conduct an integrated study of the impact of the bans on consumer behavior.