Multidisciplinary Training in Pulmonary Research

简介（由申请人提供）：本机构国家研究服务奖旨在培养具有研究导向职业的熟练研究者，旨在解决肺部疾病的基础和临床问题。该计划的结构基于以下前提：1)多学科方法；2)学生和导师之间的密切关系；3)在临床和基础科学方面具有广度和深度的培训环境。这个项目的培训涵盖了各种学科，包括细胞和分子生物学、免疫学、微生物学、毒理学、生物化学、肺部和重症医学、传染病、新生儿学和成像科学。主要研究方向包括肺免疫学、炎症和感染；肺纤维化和肺重塑；烟草烟雾与慢性阻塞性肺病；以及空气污染对健康的影响。每年培养4名博士预科生和4名博士后。对肺部研究表现出兴趣的博士生将在通过初步考试后接受生物医学科学研究生教育（GEBS）课程的培训。博士预科生将获得长达3年的资助。在这份重新提交的提案中，博士后医学博士培训的结构和课程发生了变化，创建了一个新的研究轨道，要求进行4年的亚专业培训，并在最后2年进行研究培训和支持，以及在培训结束时发表论文和提交研究资助的具体期望。来自成人肺部和重症监护医学、过敏/免疫学/风湿病学、新生儿学和传染病学培训项目的候选人将根据在肺部研究导向职业的潜在成功和承诺予以考虑。参与肺部相关研究的博士后博士学员也是培训候选人，由本计划成员确定和招募。与研究导师的直接研究经验构成了培训的主要机制，辅以教学课程、研讨会、会议、期刊俱乐部、研究伦理、人类和动物实验以及拨款写作方面的指导。受训者将在导师的密切监督下制定研究方案，并获得来自特定项目和指导委员会的学术和职业指导。该培训计划将有助于满足对肺生物学和疾病科学研究人员日益增长的需求。这些年轻研究者的研究将提高我们对呼吸系统如何应对损伤和环境挑战的理解，并将通过开发新的和改进的肺部疾病预防和治疗途径来改善公众健康。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Abstract This Institutional National Research Service Award is designed to develop skilled investigators with research- oriented careers directed at solving basic and clinical problems in lung disease. The structure of the program is based on the premise that training requires 1) a multidisciplinary approach, 2) a close relationship between the student and mentor, and 3) a training environment with breadth and depth in both clinical and basic sciences. Training in this program spans a variety of disciplines, including cell and molecular biology, immunology, microbiology, toxicology, biochemistry, pulmonary and critical care medicine, infectious diseases, neonatology, and imaging sciences. Major research themes include lung immunology, inflammation and infection; pulmonary fibrosis and remodeling; tobacco smoke and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; and health effects of air pollution. Four predoctoral and 4 postdoctoral trainees will be supported each year of the program. Predoctoral students who have demonstrated an interest in lung research will be accepted for training through the Graduate Education in Biomedical Sciences (GEBS) programs, after they have passed their preliminary examinations. Predoctoral trainees will be supported for up to 3 years. In this resubmitted proposal, the structure and curriculum for postdoctoral MD training has been changed, with creation of a new research track, requirement for 4 years of subspecialty training with research training and support on this grant occurring in the final 2 years, and specific expectations of publications and research grant submission by the end of training. Candidates from training programs in adult Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Allergy/Immunology/Rheumatology, Neonatology, and Infectious Diseases will be considered based on potential success in and commitment to a pulmonary research-oriented career. Postdoctoral PhD trainees involved in lung-related research are also candidates for training, and are identified and recruited by members of this program. A direct research experience with research mentors forms the primary mechanism for training, supplemented by didactic courses, seminars, conferences, journal clubs, and instruction in research ethics, human and animal experimentation, and grant writing. Trainees will develop research protocols under the close supervision of their mentors, with academic and career guidance from specific programs and a Mentoring Committee. This training program will help to meet the increasing need for scientific investigators in lung biology and disease. Research by these young investigators will improve our understanding of how the respiratory system responds to injury and environmental challenges, and will improve public health by developing new and improved avenues for the prevention and treatment of lung disease.